Background Plasma homocysteine levels are modulated by nutritional and genetic factors, among which is the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). A common defective (thermolabile) variant of this enzyme is causally associated with elevated plasma homocysteine, itself an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Abstract-Mangrove barks Rhizophora apiculata which have been chemically modified in basic condition were used as adsorbent for the removal of nickel and copper ions from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM images, FT-IR and BET analysis. Effecting parameters like initial pH, initial concentrations of metal ions and contact time were investigated. The adsorption data were well fitted by Freundlich isotherm model. Kinetic data were best described by pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and exothermic nature in the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions by the modified mangrove barks.

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In experienced centers, TRI with a single IL catheter for STEMI is a feasible and effective approach and outcomes are comparable to conventional TFI.

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