Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease that has a potential of causing cardiovascular illness. Cardiac outcomes of COVID-19 mainly include acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and left ventricular dysfunction. However, pericardial involvement is very rare. Here, we present a case of pericarditis and pericardial effusion in a known hypertensive COVID-19 patient. Our case was a diagnostic dilemma as the literature review mentioned that cardiovascular manifestations are mostly reported in symptomatic and critically ill patients of COVID-19. However, this patient has no viral respiratory illness, and is otherwise healthy.
Background: Posture is the alignment or orientation of body segments by maintaining an upright position. The postural deviations associated with change in young people’s behavior have increased. Incorrect posture refers to an irregular state of the body in which the body does not sustain a steady state and tissues and organs function normally in an erect position.
Objective: The objectives of this study were to check the knowledge about body posture, attitude towards good and bad posture and practice for correcting the wrong posture to prevent complications in physiotherapy students.
Methodology: An observational cross sectional study was conducted among the physiotherapy students from University Institute of Physical Therapy (UIPT), The University of Lahore Chenab Campus; Pakistan. For knowledge section Questionnaire on level of awareness of body use in young people was used, for attitude section a self-structured questionnaire and for practice section (Q-BAPHYP) was used. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (version 21.0).
Results: Out of 202 physiotherapy students, 21(10.4%) were males and 181(89.6%) were females. 12.4% students were from 2nd year, 37.1% from 3rd year, 28.2% from 4th year and 22.3% from 5th year. Average age was 21.43 years. Among the total 36(17.8%) student’s had knowledge of good posture, 143(70.8%) often good posture. 168(83.2%) students responded of having a positive attitude towards good posture and only 11(5.4%) always practices good posture in their daily life. There is a positive but a weak correlation between knowledge and attitude (Spearman Correlation value=0.138)
Conclusion: It was found that the physiotherapy students had knowledge of good posture and showed a positive attitude towards good posture but they are not well practicing it in their daily routine.
Key words: Bad posture, Ergonomics, Good posture, Kinematics, Posture, Scoliosis
Immensely contagious Coronavirus disease was imported in Pakistan and became health emergency concern in no time. Pakistan, being a resource limited nation has encountered worst transmission dynamics and received public, social, economic challenges. Pakistani officials responded sufficiently to outbreak. However, community transmission became an emergent threat and proportion of mortalities became exponential. Hence, Pakistan was scantily prepared to respond to an overhanging hazardous outbreak. This study comment on response of Pakistani government to Coronavirus disease, sheds light on challenges faced during the Covid-19 pandemic and concluded by highlighting concept of preparedness and providing some recommendations.
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