Aims: To assess the language function of children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), and investigate associated risk factors. Methods: The language function of 63 children with BECTS and 30 healthy controls was assessed using the language subtest of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC). Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to assess the risk factors of language dysfunction in children with BECTS. Results: The total score of language test of C-WISC, and the individual scores, were significantly lower in children with BECTS compared with the scores attained by the healthy controls, and were also significantly lower in children with BECTS with onset earlier than 6 years of age compared with those whose disease onset occurred later. There were no significant correlations between language function and treatment, frequency of seizures, lateralization of centrotemporal spikes, or duration of seizures, but there was a positive correlation between language dysfunction and the age at disease onset. Conclusion: Children with BECTS have language difficulties, especially those with earlier disease onset. Early age at seizure onset is a risk factor for language dysfunction in children with BECTS.
Rationale: Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) has been reported almost exclusively in the Japanese population. Patient concerns: A 17-month-old male patient presented with fever and seizures, and subsequently fell into a coma. On the second day, he recovered consciousness. On the fourth day, he developed complex partial seizures and fell into a coma again. On day 10, the fever and seizures subsided. Head computed tomography on the first day showed no abnormalities. Brain diffusion-weighted images on the fourth day revealed reduced diffusion in the bilateral subcortical white matter. Diagnosis: A diagnosis of AESD was made. Interventions: The patient was treated with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. Outcomes: At the 4-month follow-up, the patient was able to walk independently, and the epileptic seizures were well controlled. Lessons: AESD is a rare entity, and treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin can lead to a favorable prognosis. Clinicians should be aware of this condition, and clinicoradiological features can suggest the diagnosis.
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