Oxygen
plays an important role in diabetic chronic wound healing
by regulating various life activities such as cell proliferation,
migration, and angiogenesis. Therefore, oxygen-delivering systems
have drawn much attention and evolved continuously. Here, we propose
that an active Chlorella vulgaris (Cv)-loaded
separable microneedle (MN) can be used to control oxygen delivery,
which then promotes wound healing. The Cv-loaded microneedles (CvMN)
consist of a polyvinyl acetate (PVA) substrate and gelatin methacryloyl
(GelMA) tips with encapsulated Cv. Once CvMN is applied to diabetic
wound, the PVA basal layer is rapidly dissolved in a short time, while
the noncytotoxic and biocompatible GelMA tips remain in the skin.
By taking advantage of the photosynthesis of Cv, oxygen would be continuously
produced in a green way and released from CvMN in a controlled manner.
Both in vitro and in vivo results
showed that CvMN could promote cell proliferation, migration, and
angiogenesis and enhance wound healing in diabetic mice effectively.
The remarkable therapeutic effect is mainly attributed to the continuous
generation of dissolved oxygen in CvMN and the presence of antioxidant
vitamins, γ-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid in Cv. Thus, CvMN
provides a promising strategy for diabetic wound healing with more
possibility of clinical transformations.
Cancer patients often face severe organ toxicity caused by chemotherapy. Among these, chemotherapy‐induced hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity are the main causes of death of cancer patients. Chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity even creates a new discipline termed “cardio‐oncology”. Therefore, relieving toxicities induced by chemotherapy has become a key issue for improving the survival and quality of life in cancer patients. In this work, mesenchymal stem cell exosomes with the “G‐C” abundant tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) are modified to form a decoy exosome (Exo‐TDN). Exo‐TDN reduces DOX‐induced hepatotoxicity as the “G‐C” base pairs scavenge DOX. Furthermore, Exo‐TDN with cardiomyopathic peptide (Exo‐TDN‐PCM) is engineered for specific targeting to cardiomyocytes. Injection of Exo‐TDN‐PCM significantly reduces DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity. Interestingly, Exo‐TDN‐PCM can also promote macrophage polarization into the M2 type for tissue repair. In addition, those decoy exosomes do not affect the anticancer effects of DOX. This decoy exosome strategy serves as a promising therapy to reduce chemo‐induced toxicity.
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