The present study aims at observing the effect of various parameters on temperature distribution profiles at various environmental temperature, tissue thermal conductivities, metabolic rates, blood perfusion rates, and heat transfer coefficients. The analytic solution of Pennes' bioheat equation in the steady-state case is obtained by using the Modified Bessel's equation incorporating the effect of sweating and non-sweating state of the body. From the study, it was observed that the variation of atmospheric temperature and heat transfer coefficients have a significant effect for the temperature distribution in the body towards the skin surface.
The human thermal comfort is affected by the body’s heat exchange mechanism conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation. The mode of heat transfer between the body and environment depends upon the human internal physiological phenomena, together with the boundary conditions. The present paper provides the comprehensive overview of the thermoregulatory system of human body and studies the numerical solution of unsteady-state one dimensional Pennes bio-heat equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The solution is used to observe the temperature profiles at different thermal conductivities, and different heat transfer coefficients in the living tissue at the various time steps. Various physical and physiological factors across the cylindrical living tissue have been incorporated in the model.
The human thermal comfort is the state of mind, which is affected not only by the physical and body’s internal physiological phenomena but also by the clothing properties such as thermal resistance of clothing, clothing insulation, clothing area factor, air insulation, and relative humidity. In this work, we extend the one-dimensional Pennes’ bioheat transfer equation by adding the protective clothing layer. The transient temperature profile with the clothing layer at the different time steps has been carried out using a fully implicit Finite Difference (FD) Scheme with interface condition between body and clothes. Numerically computed results are bound to agree that the clothing insulation and air insulation provide better comfort and keep the body at the thermal equilibrium position. The graphical representation of the results also verifies the effectiveness and utility of the proposed model.
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