Background: Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) is a bile acid widely used in the treatment of cholestatic liver disorders. Few studies have been conducted using UDCA in indirect hyperbilirubinemia. We planned this study to know the role of Ursodeoxycholic acid on indirect hyperbilirubinemia in neonatesMethods: The study was conducted in Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology at Eras Lucknow Medical College and Hospital from November 2015 to September 2017 in 96 term neonates with total bilirubin levels in phototherapy range. They were randomized into 3 Groups receiving either phototherapy only or UDCA at 10mg/kg/day or 20mg/kg/day along with phototherapy.Results: Present study showed that there was a higher rate of fall and less duration of phototherapy required in children receiving UDCA. However, there was no difference in the group receiving 10mg vs 20 mg /kg/day Conclusions: We conclude that by giving UDCA at 10mg/kg/day along with phototherapy in neonate with indirect hyperbilirubinemia leads to faster resolution of hyperbilirubinemia.
Background: According to infant and child mortality in India, levels trends and determinants the under 5 mortality rates (UFMR) of India is facing a steady decline but at this rate India could not meet its target of millennium development goal-4 (MDG-4), which aimed to reduced UFMR by 2/3rds between 1990 and 2015. Objective of the current study was to study the complementary feeding practices amongst children of age group 6 months to 23 months in Lucknow.Methods: In this prospective cross sectional study 256 mothers were interviewed over a period of 6 months at a referral care centre in Lucknow. Children of age groups 6-8 months, 9-11 months and 12-23 months attending the Paediatric OPD were included in the study. WHO anthropometric indices of nutritional status: weight-for-age, length-for-age and weight-for-length, expressed in standard deviation (SD) units (z-scores) were calculated. Information on feeding practices and various particulars of the study children were taken into account and the WHO Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices were calculated. Complementary feeding index CFI was calculated using these WHO indicators.Results: In the study group 24% of the children were stunted, 38% were underweight and 35% were wasted. The CFI was seen to be low in 32%, medium in 61% and high only in 7% children. It was found that parental education had significant correlation with CFI. Weight for height was significantly associated with CFI (p=0.011).Conclusions: CFI is an important tool to target the lacunae in complementary feeding practices. The CFI scores directly correlate with the nutrition status of children thus targeting the determinants of CFI will bring a positive change in infant and young child feeding practices.
Background: Objectives of current study were to define the etiological spectrum and outcome of children with chronic diarrhea and to evaluate for any change in etiological spectrum of chronic diarrhea over five years. Methods: In this retrospective study the hospital records of all patients with chronic diarrhea evaluated at the Department of Pediatric, Era's Lucknow medical college and hospital Lucknow & Vivekananda polyclinic & institute of medical sciences Lucknow, India over a period of five years i.e. from July 2006-July 2011, were reviewed. Results: During the study period of 5 years, a total of 135 children [mean age 5.6 ± 4.2 year, 83 (61.48%) boys] of chronic diarrhea were seen (19 large bowel, 103 small bowel type, 13 mixed type). Of them 50 children with incomplete workup were excluded from data analysis, hence evaluation was done for a total 85 children, in which 6 cases (7.05%) had no definite etiology discerned and were labeled in indeterminate group. We had only 2 cases of abdominal tuberculosis presenting as chronic diarrhoea with other symptoms of fever, anorexia and lymphadenopathy. We had 1 case of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis) & 1 cases of intestinal lymphangiectasia. Diagnosis was made on demonstration of AFB on ileal biopsy. Conclusion: Chronic diarrhea accounted for 13-15% of total patients from two multispecialty hospitals of Lucknow which cater to a large population from U. P. Celiac disease remains the most important cause of chronic diarrhea in children from this region. Non-specific diarrhea and giardiasis still are important treatable etiologies. In case of chronic diarrhea with presence of blood in stool in young children, cow milk allergy was most common etiology. Immunodeficiency entity should be looked for in children, when routine work up for chronic diarrhea does not give any result. Intestinal TB is uncommon cause of chronic diarrhea as shown in our study; hence inadvertently ATT should not be prescribed for child presenting with diarrhea without any firm evidence.
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