Introduction: The burden of hearing impairment in India is substantially high, largely preventable, and avoidable. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hearing impairment using a smartphone-based tool among medical students and to study the factors associated, including personal audio device usage in a medical college hospital in Delhi, India. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among undergraduate medical students. The study participants were enrolled via. Stratified random sampling. We assessed hearing impairment via—HearWHO application with scores ranging from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 100 with categorization into i) above 75 ii) 50-75 iii) below 50. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 96 study participants were included, with the mean age of study participants as 20.3±1.4 years. On assessment with HearWHO, 36 (37.5%) were in the category of score above 75, 51 (53.1%) in score category 50-75, and 9 (9.4%) in score below 50. The overall mean score of the hearing assessment was 68.9±13.4 (Range: 12 to 94). Among the earphone device users, 27.1% do not comply with volume alerts on user devices. Conclusion: Among the study population, 9.4% of the study participants were likely to be having hearing loss and 53.1% should be screened regularly for hearing impairment. Addressing hearing loss remains crucial among the young population, especially the medical professionals, which is feasible and imperative in the current scenario.
Background: Contraceptive use is important to stabilize population growth by reducing the net reproduction rate. The effectiveness of a contraceptive method is decided mainly by its consistent and correct use. Methods: A record-based study was undertaken with the aim to study the contraceptive usage and its consistency among eligible couples in a peri-urban area of Delhi, India. Data of 946 eligible couples were analysed. Descriptive analysis was performed and odds ratios were calculated. Results: Mean age of females was found to be 30.3 ± 5.5 years and males was 33.5 ± 6.4 years. About 56.2% (532) eligible couples have used contraceptive at least once in the past 6 months and 54.7% (517) used them consistently for 6 months of the study period. There were 12.3 pregnancies per 100 non-users, 2.2 pregnancies per 100 ever users and 1.9 per 100 consistent users (1.7 for condoms and 0.2 for OCPs). Couples having two or more children, having two or more male children and with less than five years of age difference between husband and wife were found to have significantly higher odds of ever and consistent contraceptive use compared to other eligible couples ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: More than half of the eligible couples were found to be using contraceptives ever in past 6 months, and 54.7% of eligible couples were using them consistently. There is a need to explore social, cultural factors, awareness levels associated with the ever and consistent use of contraceptives for improving overall couple protection rate and enhancing the consistency in usage.
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