2001. Fertilizer responses of dry bean in southern Alberta. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 343-350. Previous reports suggest that the response of dry bean to N fertilizer is often dependent on bean cultivar. In addition to N, commercial producers of dry bean in southern Alberta frequently apply P, K and Zn, even though soil test levels of these nutrients are often high. To evaluate the fertilizer responses of commercial dry bean cultivars in southern Alberta, three experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, the response of GN 1140 great northern bean, NW-63 small red bean, Othello pinto bean, and Viva pink bean to N fertilizer rates and rhizobia inoculation was determined at three sites each year from 1994 through 1996. The second experiment was conducted at the same sites to determine the response of these cultivars to P and K fertilizer. The third experiment was conducted at the same sites in 1995 and 1996 to determine the response of the same four cultivars and OAC Seaforth navy bean to soil-applied and foliar Zn application. The four cultivars responded similarly to N in the first experiment. Seed yields ranged from 81 to 100% of maximum yields when available N levels (fertilizer-N plus nitrate-N to 30 cm just prior to seeding) were less than 80 kg N ha -1 , but were always greater than 90% of maximum yields when available N levels were greater than 80 kg N ha -1 . Rhizobia inoculation did not significantly increase seed yields or reduce the response to N fertilizer, although early-season plant growth was frequently improved by inoculation. Seed yield was only increased by application of P fertilizer at one site and by application of K fertilizer at one site, while application of Zn did not increase seed yield at any of the sites. The critical soil test levels for responses to P, K or Zn were consistent with levels reported for other crops or regions, but further validation of these levels is required due to the lack of sites with low nutrient availability. Des rapports antérieurs laissaient entendre que la réaction du haricot sec aux engrais azotés dépend souvent du cultivar. Outre l'azote, les producteurs commerciaux de haricot sec du sud de l'Alberta ajoutent souvent du P, du K et du Zn aux cultures, même si l'analyse du sol révèle fréquemment une teneur élevée de ces minéraux. Pour évaluer la réaction des cultivars commerciaux de haricot sec aux engrais dans le sud de l'Alberta, les auteurs ont effectué trois expériences. Dans la première, ils ont évalué la réaction du haricot Great Northern 1140, du petit haricot rouge NW-63, du haricot Pinto Othello et du haricot rose Viva à divers taux d'application d'engrais azoté et d'inoculation de rhizobiums à trois endroits, chaque année, de 1994 à 1996. La deuxième expérience s'est déroulée aux mêmes endroits et devait établir la réaction des cultivars aux engrais phosphorés et potassiques. Enfin, la troisième a eu lieu aux mêmes sites, en 1995 et 1996, et devait préciser la réaction des quatre cultivars et du petit haricot rond blanc OAC Seaforth à l'applicat...
The economic performance of rotations with reduced summerfallow frequency, legume crop alternatives, and manure applications was evaluated using data from a rotation experiment established in 1992 on Brown Chernozemic soil at Bow Island, Alberta (Alberta Crop Diversification Center South). Net returns and variability were calculated for each of the six rotations under test and for different fertilizer treatments, including manure (a total of 20 rotation and fertilizer treatment combinations). A farm-level economic risk model was formulated to simulate optimal rotation selection under uncertainty and risk aversion. The six rotations included continuous wheat (W), fallow-wheat (FW), fallow-wheat-wheat (FWW), flax-wheat-fallow (FxWF), legume-Please note that this electronic prepublication galley may contain typographical errors and may be missing artwork, such as charts, photographs, etc. Pagination in this version will differ from the published version. wheat (LW), and grass (G). The wheat and flax phases of the fertilized rotations were fertilized with 0, 20 or 40 kg N ha Ϫ1 (0, 17.9 or 35.7 lbs N ac Ϫ1 ) and with 0 or 8.6 kg P ha Ϫ1 (7.7 lbs P ac Ϫ1 ). The W and FW rotations also had a manure treatment. Of the traditional cropping systems, the FWW and FW rotations (with applications of 40 kg ha Ϫ1 N: 8.6 kg ha Ϫ1 P (35.7 lbs ac Ϫ1 N: 7.7 lbs ac Ϫ1 P) and 20 kg ha Ϫ1 N: 8.6 kg ha Ϫ1 P (17.8 lbs ac Ϫ1 N: 7.7 lbs ac Ϫ1 P), respectively), exhibited the highest returns and the FW(20,8.6) rotation experienced less variability. The simulation revealed that increases in net returns could be attained through the introduction of a LW rotation because of its ability to fix N and thus reduce the input costs. Risk averse producers would be expected to plant a combination of LW(0,0) and FW(40,8.6). W and FW rotations with manure treatments were not as profitable as those with chemical fertilizer treatments. a Low, medium, high, and very high correspond to absolute risk aversion levels of 0.000001, 0.000005, 0.00001, and 0.0001, respectively.
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