Graphene is expected to enable superior corrosion protection due to its impermeability and chemical inertness. Previous reports, however, demonstrate limited corrosion inhibition and even corrosion enhancement of graphene on metal surfaces. To enable the reliable and complete passivation, the origin of the low inhibition efficiency of graphene was investigated. Combining electrochemical and morphological characterization techniques, nanometer-sized structural defects in chemical vapor deposition grown graphene were found to be the cause for the limited passivation effect. Extremely fast mass transport on the order of meters per second both across and parallel to graphene layers results in an inhibition efficiency of only ∼50% for Cu covered with up to three graphene layers. Through selective passivation of the defects by atomic layer deposition (ALD) an enhanced corrosion protection of more than 99% was achieved, which compares favorably with commercial corrosion protection methods.
EDITORIAL STATEMENTThe mathematization of all sciences, the fading of traditional scientific boundaries, the impact of computer technology, the growing importance of mathematicalcomputer modelling and the necessity of scientific planning all create the need both in education and research for books that are introductory to and abreast of these developments.The purpose of this series is to provide such books, suitable for the user of mathematics, the mathematician interested in applications, and the student scientist. In particular, this series will provide an outlet for material less formally presented and more anticipatory of needs than finished texts or monographs, yet of immediate interest because of the novelty of its treatment of an application or of mathematics being applied or lying close to applications.The aim of the series is, through rapid publication in an attractive but inexpensive format, to make material of current interest widely accessible. This implies the absence of excessive generality and abstraction, and unrealistic idealization, but with quality of exposition as a goal.Many of the books will originate out of and will stimulate the development of new undergraduate and graduate courses in the applications of mathematics. Some of the books will present introductions to new areas of research, new applications and act as signposts for new directions in the mathematical sciences. This series will often serve as an intermediate stage of the publication of material which, through exposure here, will be further developed and refined. These will appear in conventional format and in hard cover. MANUSCRIPTSThe Editors welcome all inquiries regarding the submission of manuscripts for the series. Final preparation of all manuscripts will take place in the editorial offices of the series in the Preface Our purpose in writing this monograph is twofold. On the one hand, we want to collect in one place many of the recent results on the existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions of certain classes of singularly perturbed nonlinear boundary value problems. On the other, we hope to raise along the way a number of questions for further study, mostly questions we ourselves are unable to answer. The presentation involves a study of both scalar and vector boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations, by means of the consistent use of differential inequality techniques. Our results for scalar boundary value problems obeying some type of maximum principle are fairly complete; however, we have been unable to treat, under any circumstances, problems involving "resonant" behavior. The linear theory for such problems is incredibly complicated already, and at the present time there appears to be little hope for any kind of general nonlinear theory. Our results for vector boundary value problems, even those admitting higher dimensional maximum principles in the form of invariant regions, are also far from complete . We offer them with some trepidation, in the hope that they may stimulate further work in t...
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