Introduction: The pandemic due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major health issue resulting in mortality across the globe. Multiple newer medications are being tried in treatment but with minimal success. The development of vaccines is occurring with unprecedented speed using different platforms with collaborations of academia and the pharmaceutical industries globally. These vaccines are approved for emergency use authorization by health authorities based on limited data from clinical trials. Hence, there is a need for active surveillance of vaccine recipients to monitor for safety. Methods: Adverse drug reaction monitoring centre (AMC) of our institute is actively involved in surveillance of recipients for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) who received vaccines for COVID-19 from the vaccination centre of the institute. As per the guidelines of National Coordinating Centre (NCC), Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), designated staff of AMC follows up vaccine recipients over their registered mobile number post-vaccination for AEFI if any. This is a descriptive study of all the AEFI reported to NCC, PvPI between 16th January 2021 and 31st March 2021. Results: Of the 5793 doses of vaccination administered during the study period, 59.4% (3443) responded to follow up and 8.6% (299 of 3443) recipients reported 509 AEFI. The most common reported AEFI include fever, generalized body pains, and headache constituting 36.1%, 30.5%, and 18.5% respectively. 64.2% (327 of 509) of AEFI were reported from people younger than 45 years of age. Though females constituted 53.8% (161 of 299) of people who reported AEFI, total number of events reported from this group was 58% (295 of 509). More number of AEFI were observed after first dose of COVISHIELD compared to second dose. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccination drive is rolled out in multiple phases for different age groups across the country. Many vaccinations are being approved for use in general public with limited data from clinical trials. Active surveillance of COVID-19 vaccines for AEFI helps us in further understanding safety issues beyond the clinical trial environment.
Background: Pharmacology enables medical students with the art of rational prescriptions of drugs. It is one of the rapidly evolving subjects in medical sciences. The purpose of the study was to assess whether teaching-learning methodologies and evaluation methods are supporting the curriculum goals and what modifications can be made for the benefit of medical students.Methods: After approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee the study was carried out in January-February 2017. A total of 128 students of 2nd MBBS were administered a pre-validated questionnaire after explaining the purpose of the study. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis of data. Frequency was expressed as percentage.Results: A total response rate of 93.75% was observed. Most of the students mentioned cardiovascular system (20.8%) as the most interesting topic. 78.3% preferred teaching by use of combination of both audio-visual aids and chalk and board. Majority of the students rated practical classes as similar to theory (34.2%). 91.7% students mentioned that seminars are useful to them. 95% of students are interested in continuation of the integrated classes conducted at the end of each chapter. 98.3% of students for written tests and 90% for viva voce responded positively for the need of such periodic evaluation in addition to university prescribed evaluations. 95% students mentioned that field visits helps them in better understanding of pharmacology.Conclusions: The present study helped us to elicit student preferences regarding teaching and evaluation methods in pharmacology. Implementation of the same would be helpful for better outcome of students.
Bell palsy is a non-progressive neurological condition characterized by the acute onset of ipsilateral seventh cranial nerve paralysis. People who suffer from this type of facial paralysis develop a droop on one side of their face, or sometimes both. This condition is distinguished by a sudden onset of facial paralysis accompanied by clinical features such as mild fever, postauricular pain, dysgeusia, hyperacusis, facial changes, and drooling or dry eyes. Epidemiological evidence suggests that 15 to 23 people per 100,000 are affected each year, with a recurrence rate of 12%. It could be caused by ischaemic compression of the seventh cranial nerve, which could be caused by viral inflammation. Pregnant women, people with diabetes, and people with respiratory infections are more likely to have facial paralysis than the general population. Immune, viral, and ischemic pathways are all thought to play a role in the development of Bell paralysis, but the exact cause is unknown. However, there is evidence that Bell's hereditary proclivity to cause paralysis is a public health issue that has a greater impact on patients and their families. Delay or untreated Bell paralysis may contribute to an increased risk of facial impairment, as well as a negative impact on the patient's quality of life. For management, antiviral agents such as acyclovir and valacyclovir, and steroid treatment are recommended. Thus, early diagnosis accompanied by treatment of the uncertain etiology of the disorder is crucial. This paper reviews mechanistic approaches, and emerging medical perspectives on recent developments that encounter Bell palsy disorder.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.