The profile and worse outcomes of elderly Indian TB patients may be indicative of co-existing NCDs. This needs further investigation and likely calls for a more comprehensive and intensive approach to their management.
Although RVVC can be controlled, relapse is common after an initial course of maintenance fluconazole. Ongoing maintenance remains the most effective treatment option.
Background: Until recently, the only FDA approved treatments for adolescents with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were oral Metformin and subcutaneous insulin. The common gastrointestinal side effects to Metformin and the complicated regimen of insulin therapy have interfered with safe and healthy diabetes control in this population. Liraglutide was recently approved for treatment of children age 10 years and older with T2DM, representing a third treatment option. Purpose: The purpose of this poster is to describe a glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist medication that will aid in beta cell preservation, diminish the need for insulin, promote weight loss, and may improve the lipid profile. Liraglutide can be used in combination with Metformin and/or insulin. Description of Topic: Liraglutide works by activating the GLP-1 receptor in the pancreatic beta cells, thereby causing increased insulin production in the presence of hyperglycemia. Dosing starts at 0.6 mg via subcutaneous daily injection. If tolerated, the dose is increased to 1.2 mg daily, and then to a maximum of 1.8 mg daily. This method of incremental increases is recommended to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. The most common side effects of liraglutide include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, constipation, and delayed gastric emptying. In addition, the risk of hypoglycemia in adolescents is increased with liraglutide. Clinical Implications: Liraglutide has several clinical benefits. It aids in the preservation of beta cells which can decrease or phase out the need for insulin. Since insulin excess promotes higher fat stores in the body, eliminating insulin should result in weight loss and increased insulin sensitivity. The goal of Liraglutide therapy is to lower the hemoglobin A1C, decreasing the risk of complications related to diabetes.
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