Temperature provides a clear signal of the time in brace and can be used for long-term data logging using discrete instrumentation, providing a tool to help identify and understand the reasons behind poor compliance.
An inexpensive, commercially available miniature thermochron and a simple robust algorithm can estimate TLSO wear time to a high degree of accuracy. This method is suitable for large-scale prospective studies examining the efficacy of bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, which remains a topic of controversy.
Calix[4]arenes, calix[4]resorcarenes, and anionic cyclodextrin derivatives were examined as chiral NMR solvating agents. The calix[4]arenes were prepared by attachment of amino acids through the hydroxyl groups of the phenol rings. Chloroform-, methanol-, and water-soluble derivatives were prepared and tested with a range of substrates. Chloroform-soluble chiral calix[4]resorcarenes were prepared by attachment of chiral primary and secondary amines and examined in NMR applications with a variety of substrates. Sulfated and carboxymethylated beta-cyclodextrin are effective at causing enantiomeric discrimination in the (1)H NMR spectra of organic cations. Lanthanide ions associate at the carboxymethyl groups and cause sizeable shifts and enhancements in enantiomeric discrimination in the spectra of organic cations. The enhancements caused by the lanthanide ion are large enough that much lower concentrations of the cyclodextrin can be used as compared to conventional analyses.
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