Measurements of ion and electron temperatures on REPUTE-1 ultra-low q (ULQ) and reversed field pinch (RFP) plasmas have revealed that the ion temperature is higher than the electron temperature and that the impurity ion temperature exceeds the hydrogen ion temperature. In ULQ plasmas the impurity ion temperature is correlated with the amplitude of the magnetic field fluctuations observed outside the plasma. A model on ion heating by fluctuations is found to explain the experimental results.
The energy loss by radiation is estimated in REPUTE-1 by bolometric measurements. Burning out of the radiation barrier is observed in both ultra-low-q (ULQ) and reversed field pinch (RFP) discharges. The conditions for burning out of the radiation barrier are studied for various operation parameters. A reduction of the radiation loss is observed after wall conditioning by carbonization.
Improper design and management of the cover layer of a sanitary landfill has been proven to produce harmful environmental impacts on the environment. One alternative at hand is to develop scenarios based on simulation of physical and computational models to represent the expected field water balance of a landfill coverage layer. This paper investigates the design of a sanitary landfill final cover in the municipality of Seropédica, which is located at the state of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. More specifically, the compact soil coverage, which is widely used for landfill final cover of municipal solid waste, is evaluated in contrast to vegetation cover by grass, vegetation cover by brachiaria and capillary barrier. To accomplish such task, hydrometeorological forcing conditions, namely daily rainfall and temperature, were retrieved from the Anchieta weather station, which is situated nearby the study area. The Hydrus 1D and 2/3 D computational codes were employed to develop a set of scenarios to follow the contamination plume evolution within the landfill along the time frame of 20 years with some degree of reliability. It should be noted that the performed evaluation indicates the possibility to control the leachate release and consequently to avoid contaminating the environment, notably to prevent soil and water resources pollution. Vegetation cover by grass and brachiaria showed important control mechanisms with respect to the movement of the contaminant plume. In addition, it should be noticed that the best results for the landfill final cover were achieved for the capillary barrier, while poor performance results were obtained for the commonly employed compact soil.
The beta effects on the plasma equilibrium in Modified Bumpy Torus (MBT) sector, which is an asymmetric closed line system with I = 0 and fairly large I = 1 field distortions, are studied. For this purpose, the equilibrium of high beta plasma produced by theta-pinch is compared with that of betaless plasma numerically calculated from the measured magnetic field profiles in device. The equilibrium condition depends weakly on beta value, but the plasma cross-section is vertically elongated as the beta value increases. The m = 1 long wavelength M H D instability is not observed during the observation time of , . 15 ps. These experimental results are compared with M H D theory based on the new ordering taking the finiteness of I = i 1 field distortion (6, Z 1) into account, which suggests significant stabilizing effects due to self formation of magnetic well and also due to the conducting wall.
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