Objective. To identify the causes of death and mortality risk in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who were being followed up at a single outpatient clinic in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Methods. Patients enrolled in the PsA Clinic between 1978 and 1993 were compared with the general population of Ontario. Deaths were identified from the clinic database and through linkage with the provincial mortality database, and causes were confirmed by death certificates. A standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was computed, based on the assumption that patients lost to followup were alive at the end of the study.Results. Of the 428 patients with PsA (194 women and 234 men), 53 (26 women and 27 men) died. The 4 leading causes of death were diseases of the circulatory (36.2%) or respiratory (21.3%) system, malignant neoplasms (17.0%), and injuries/poisoning (14.9%). The SMR for the female cohort was 1.59, and for the men, it was 1.65, indicating a 59% and 65% increase in the death rate, respectively. Deaths due to respiratory causes were particularly increased in these patients.Conclusion. The results suggest that this PsA Clinic outpatient population had an increased mortality risk.

Objective. To investigate prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods. Patients followed up at the Toronto PsA Clinic between 1978 and 1994 were included. Patients were reviewed at initial clinic entry and at 6-month intervals using a standard protocol. Data on deaths were collected in a prospective manner, and death certificates were used to identify the primary and antecedent cause(s) of death. All death information was recorded in the clinic's computerized database. Only factors that represented standard clinical measures of isease activity and progression were studied. The relationship between potential prognostic factors recorded at the time of the first clinic visit and the mortality rate was determined using the Cox relative risk regression model.Results. There were 428 patients (234 men and 194 women), of whom 68% were known to be alive on September 1, 1994, 20% were lost to followup but assumed to be alive, and 12% had died. Multivariate analysis revealed that an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESK) >15 mm/hour, medications used prior to initial clinic visit, radiologic damage, and the absence of nail lesions were associated with an increased overall mortality rate. There is some suggestion that prior medication use was least important for deaths associated with the circulatory system, while radiologic damage was particularly important for such deaths. A marked sexSupported by the Medical Research Council of Canada.

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The chemistry of p-block metallacarboranes of the C2B10 systems is largely unexplored in comparison with that of s-, d-, and f-block metallacarboranes. This article reports several carbons-adjacent stannacarboranes of the C2B10 system and their chemical properties for the first time. Reaction of SnCl2 with [{μ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10}2Na4(THF)6] n gave the Lewis base free stannacarborane {μ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10}Sn (1). Recrystallization of 1 from MeCN, THF, and DME afforded the corresponding Lewis base coordinated stannacarboranes {μ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10}Sn(MeCN) (2), {μ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10}Sn(THF)·THF (3·THF), and {μ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10}Sn(DME) (4), respectively. They were fully characterized by various spectroscopic data and elemental analyses. Complexes 2−4 were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analyses.