A urachal diverticulum is one of the spectrum of presentation of urachal pathology, all of which are very rare in adulthood. This report describes the experience of a urachal diverticulum in adult. Urachal abnormalities result from incomplete regression of the fetal urachus. They are more common in children than in adults, due to urachal obliteration in early infancy.
Mucinous cystic neoplasm of pancreas are relatively rare >95% occur in the body and tail of pancreas. Majority occur in young and middle aged female containing ovarian type subepithelial stroma. These tumors are either premalignant (MCN with low grade dysplasia) or (MCN with high grade dysplasia) or invasive carcinoma. Differential diagnosis includes pancreatic pseudocyst and pancreatic hydatid cyst. Investigations include ultrasonography (USG), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) supplemented by endoscopic USG with cyst fluid aspiration.
Author present a case of persistent mullerian duct syndrome with transverse testicular ectopia with bilateral hernia uteri inguinalis in a 17 years old boy. This is a rare congenital anomaly and an uncommon form of male pseudo-hermaphroditism characterized by the persistence of well-developed Mullerian duct structures in an otherwise normal male with a 46 XY karyotype. Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is one of the rarest forms of testicular ectopia. In this condition, both testes are located on one inguinal side and the opposite inguinal canal and scrotum are empty. TTE associated with PMDS is much rarer. The exact cause of PMDS is uncertain. However, it is thought to result from the failure of synthesis or release of Mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF), the failure of end organs to respond to MIF, or a defect in the timing of the release of MIF. Patients with PMDS present with unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism and an inguinal hernia containing a fallopian tube, uterus and testis. The case was diagnosed on doing diagnostic laparoscopy followed by bilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy and right Orchidectomy.
India has the world`s biggest goitre belt in sub-Himalayan. Even though national goitre control programme is reducing the prevalence of goitre but there is significant increase in incidence of solitary thyroid nodules (STN) in India so also in the worldwide. 1 ABSTRACT Background: Thyroid diseases are the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide and India it about 42 million suffering from thyroid disease. Thyroid nodules are up to 8% of the adult population having palpable nodules. With the use of ultrasound, up to 10 times more nodules are likely to be detected. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is crucial in the investigation of a thyroid nodule since the frequency of malignancy is estimated to be 15-25%. These may be subject to surgical intervention than is required because histological examination is the only way in which malignancy can be excluded. Early diagnosis and treatment remains the cornerstone of management. A thorough understanding of thyroid anatomy is central to the performance of safe thyroid surgery and reduces the incidence of post-operative morbidity and mortality. Methods: Fifty nodular patients were studied prospectively in department of surgery, Rajarajeswari Medical College Bangalore for a period of 2 years with prior approval of Ethical Committee. Aim of the study was to know the incidence of malignancy in solitary nodule thyroid in our institute. Results: Out of 50 patients, 4 (8%) were males and 46 were females (96%) with female to male ratio of 11.5:1. Maximum age of presentation was 60 years and minimum age was 16 years with an average age incidence of 36.14 years. Histopathological examination proved to be papillary carcinoma in 6 cases, Hashimotos thyroiditis in 3 cases and 1 each showed follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma and total incidence of malignancy in this study is 14%. Conclusions: Solitary nodule thyroid commonest disease of thyroid with high prevalence in females. Malignancy is around 14% and can come as surprise on post-operative HPE even when no suspicion by FNAC, which is comparable with others study. The main indication for surgery in STN are cosmetic or pressure symptoms or suspicious of malignancy. Near total thyroidectomy or lobectomy are the known surgeries for STN. Thorough surgical anatomy is must to prevent post-operative complications.
Blunt abdominal trauma is a cause of acute abdomen leading to visceral injury and shock. Intestinal obstruction though rare has been a known complication of blunt abdominal trauma. We present to a case of a blunt abdominal trauma leading to delayed intestinal obstruction 4 weeks after primary injury. We present to you a case of blunt abdominal trauma leading to delayed intestinal obstruction 4 weeks after primary injury.
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