This paper evaluates service quality in the Durban freight transportation industry, in which a high degree of competition exists. Previous measurements of service quality in the industry have been casual gauges, rather than a formalised process. This paper makes a contribution by examining the level of service quality, specifically from a tangibles, reliability and responsiveness perspective, thereby identifying service quality gaps which need to be closed, with a view to raising service quality levels in the industry.The SERVQUAL instrument has been used to measure service quality levels administered to 500 of the industry's active customers, i.e. organisations utilising the services of the freight transportation industry. The targeted respondents were managers responsible for logistics in their organisations. It was found that gaps existed between expectations and perceptions of service quality on 14 of the 15 measured items. Recommendations are made as to how the industry can improve its service quality levels.
Probiotics are defined as "live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host''. Most probiotics fall into the group of organisms' known as lactic acidproducing bacteria and are normally consumed in the form of yogurt, fermented milks, cereal or other fermented foods. Many of the products currently available in the market are not clearly tied to research documenting beneficial effects. Probiotics are regulated by FDA and several reports are available now for mislabeling the product claiming health benefits. As live microbial products, probiotics are potential sources of risk and there exists skeptical attitude among medical professionals and consumers who have less than optimal experiences with probiotics. This review outlines information regarding probiotics, overview of proposed regulatory guidelines and commercial probiotic products available in the market considered as safe for humans.
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