BACKGROUND: Poisoning with various substances is an important cause of death and disability worldwide. The types of poisons that are encountered in the emergency medicine departments encompass a wide range of substances. Apparently, geographic location, sociodemographic factors, ease of availability of poisons and many other cryptic factors contribute to the wide spectrum of substances that cause poisoning. Pesticides, drugs and chemicals are reported to be the most commonly used poisons in India. Management of poisoning is quite challenging for the health care professionals globally. Factors such as the uncertainty in the identification of allegedly consumed poison, varied clinical features and the need for timely access to specific information for treatment, complicates poisoning management. This study was therefore conducted to explore the clinical features, management and outcomes of poisoning cases reporting to a tertiary care centre in south India. OBJECTIVE: To identify the spectrum of poisons and evaluate their clinical manifestations, medical management and clinical outcomes. METHODOLOGY: All cases of poisoning that were reported at a tertiary care hospital in South India for a period of 18 months from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2014 were included in this study. A data abstraction sheet was designed to document demographic details (age and gender), poison consumed, duration of stay in the hospital, clinical features, treatment administered, need for life support and patient outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 145 poisoning cases were reported during the study period. Among them, 58.5% were males and 41.3% were females. Majority of victims were in the age group of 21-30 years. Intentional poisoning was observed in 86.2%, whereas the rest were accidental poisonings. Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning was the most common poisoning encountered in this study. It accounted for 25.5% of the total cases of poisoning. The nature of poison was undetermined in 8.9% of the cases. Apart from organophosphorus poisoning, significant proportion of poisoning comprised of several other substances like hair colours, home remedies for medical ailments and chemicals used in the household. Though, they were small in numbers independently, cumulatively they contributed to a significant proportion of poisoning cases. All of the poisoning cases had complete recovery. CONCLUSION: Organophosphorus poisoning was the most common type of poisoning. Several chemicals like hair colours, phenyle, urea and drugs like norethisterone and thyroxine were used with suicidal intention. There were no casualties. Timely management of poisoning according to evidence based guidelines potentially minimises morbidity and mortality due to poisons and helps improve patient outcomes.
The investigation was carried out for the isolation and characterization of the compounds from heart wood of root and root bark of Muntingia calabura. We have isolated six compounds, three from each extract and were identified as flavonoids. The bactericidal activity of these compounds found significant against tested bacterial strains. Among the tested compounds, 8-methoxy, 3ʹ,5ʹ7ʹ-trihydroxyflavone and 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone (Galangin) showed paramount activity against MRSA. The results are compared with known standards gentamycin sulphate and cefixime.
An investigation was carried out to “Study on seasonal incidence of Spodoptera litura (F.) on soybean” at Agriculture Research Station (ARS), Adilabad, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University during kharif, 2017 and 2018. The pooled results indicated that among different sowing dates viz., 15 th -18 th of June (sowing I), 25 th -28 th of June (sowing II), 5 th -7 th of July (sowing III), 15 th -17 th of July (sowing IV) and 25 th -27 th of July (sowing V) sowing I recorded minimum incidence (2.81 larvae/ meter row length) of S. litura population and maximum incidence in sowing II (4.34 larvae/ meter row length), similarly sowing I recorded minimum incidence (2.97 larvae/ meter row length) and maximum incidence in sowing II (4.34 larvae/ meter row length) during kharif, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
:The increasing demand for rice can be met only through firm increase in production and productivity. The inbred varieties' yield is stagnating; and among limited options hybrid technology is the only proven technology available for increasing rice production. The agro-climatic conditions of Telangana are conducive for hybrid rice seed production. The private companies have shown interest in hybrid rice seed production through contract farming. Present study was taken upto examine profitability and resource use efficiency in hybrid rice seed production. Primary data pertaining to 2013-14 was collected from 90 farmers of Karimnagar district. The net returns (Rs.65962 per ha) over cost C 3 indicates that hybrid rice seed production is a profitable venture. Operational cost occupied about 60 per cent of total cost. Inputs seed, manures and fertilizers, plant protection chemicals and growth regulator were used sub-optimally, while the machine power was used excessively. The farmers need training on hybridization skills and resource use. The package of practices of crop operations based on mechanical techniques need to be evolved to reduce dependence on human labour and to reduce cost of seed production.
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