Reactive-power installations at suitable points become necessary in most modern high-voltage networks, to prevent excessive voltage drops at load busbars. In the paper, the minimisation of the total required reactive-power installation is formulated as a nonlinear-programming problem. Based on certain specific features of this problem, a new solution technique, which results in a considerable reduction of computational effort, as compared with general optimisation techniques, is developed. An additional feature of this technique is that it can be used in conjunction with any standard a.c.load-flow program. The technique is applied to a typical network to bring out the advantages of this approach. An extension of this technique for cases where the voltage restrictions have to be satisfied for two or more loading conditions is also presented.
LIST OF SYMBOLSN = number of busbars C = set of busbars considered for reactive-power installation r = reference-busbar number P L = vector of busbar active loads Q L = vector of busbar reactive loads P N = vector of active powers flowing into network from each busbar Q N = vector of reactive powers flowing into network from each busbar P = vector of busbar active-power injections Q = vector of busbar reactive-power injections 6 = vector of busbar-voltage angles E = vector of busbar-voltage magnitudes F = objective function G = negative gradient of objective function yij = magnitude of ijth element of nodal admittance matrix #ij = angle of ijth element in nodal admittance matrix Bjj = imaginary part of the ijth element in the nodal admittance matrix
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