Human eye is a complex mechanism that enables us the sense of vision. Retina, being one of the most important layers of eye, in any case gets affected, leads to severe visual impairment and sometimes loss of vision too. Retinopathy of Prematurity (RoP), being a by birth condition in untimely children? wherein an anomaly is available in the retinal layers and the related veins. Ultrasonic B – Scan is the prominent diagnostic tool used to identify RoP. Effective, Early and Simplified diagnostic and imaging tools aid the Ophthalmologists for an accurate diagnosis and work towards the prevention of vision loss. In this paper, RoP images of Oculus Dextrusand Ocular Sinister – Left eye in severe stage are considered for filtering and noise removal. Wavelet denoising of B-scan images is performed through Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and with different thresholding such as Global thresholding. Then, the location of prematurity in retina is found out, in comparison with the healthy retina. An optimum thresholding level is fixed, which is followed by the calculation of statistical mean, variance and standard deviation. This model helps to find out the abnormality of retina, the location and severity in mathematical terms. The denoising of the distorted images is found to be potential enough in achieving the effective diagnosis in the case of RoP in children.
One of the most prevalent, bilateral, asymmetric, and progressive corneal diseases, keratoconus can have a slight to severe impact on vision. Early on, the condition is frequently misdiagnosed as irregular astigmatism, delaying diagnosis. Although we have cutting-edge diagnostic techniques, the results are insufficient to fully assess the corneal health at different areas, making it challenging to plan additional treatment programmes. Here, image pre-processing techniques using a Hybrid Wavelet Transform of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), followed by soft and/or hard thresholding and Inverse Wavelet Transform, are proposed in order to achieve early and accurate diagnosis and assess the health of the cornea. The qualitative and quantitative metrics are reached by taking into account the several Electronic Corneal Topography picture modes, which would be useful to an ophthalmologist in moving on with therapy. This approach has been proven to have greater promise than the ones currently in use, particularly in relation to corneal diseases like keratoconus. Additionally, this approach aids in more accurate keratoconus stage determination.
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