Objective To assess genetic and environmental risk factors of asthma among children aged 5-11 years. Design A cross sectional analytical study. Method Data were collected from children aged 5-11 years in 3 schools in Gampaha District. 441 children with asthma and 1510 without asthma were evaluated for following risk factors viz. family history of atopy, gender, duration of breast feeding, commencement of formula in infancy, dusty home environment, passive indoor cigarette smoking, presence of firewood smoke in bedroom when cooking, burning of mosquito coil and incense stick/powder and presence of pets at home. Data were analyzed using Epi info version 6 and SPSS package. Chi Squared test was used in bivariate analysis and forward logistic regression was used to adjust confounding factors. Results Risk of asthma in child (on bivariate analysis) was increased when father has a history of asthma (odds ratio (OR) 6.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.2-13.2), mother has a history of asthma (OR 4.4, CI 2.6-7.5), sibling has asthma (OR 4.3, CI 2.0-9.7), father has a history of allergic rhinitis (OR 2.0, CI 1.5-2.8), mother has a history of allergic rhinitis (OR 2.5, CI 1.9-3.4) and sibling has allergic rhinitis (OR 3.4, CI 2.1-5.4). Asthma risk was significantly increased with following environmental factors: non continuation of breast feeding beyond first 6 months in infancy (OR 1.5, CI 1.2-1.9), presence of firewood smoke in bedroom when cooking (OR 1.4, CI 1.1-1.9), use of mosquito coil (OR 1.5, CI 1.2-1.9) and dusty home environment (OR 1.8, CI 1.4-2.3). After adjusting for confounding factors, paternal history of asthma, maternal history of asthma, allergic rhinitis ___________________________________________ 1 Senior Lecturer, 2 Lecturer,
Objective To assess prevalence of asthma and atopic symptoms in a group of school children aged 5-11years and to look at prevalence of usage of asthma medications.Setting Three schools in Gampaha District in August 1998.Method A questionnaire translated into Sinhala was distributed to parents/guardians of 2195 children aged 5-11 years in Grades 1-5 of the schools and the filled questionnaires were collected through class teachers. Asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema were defined using the clinical criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergic Conditions (ISAAC). Data was analysed using Epi Info version 6. Chi squared test and Chi squared test for trend were used for significance testing. ResultsReturn rate of questionnaire was 93%. Sixty six percent were completed by mother, 30% by father and rest by guardian. Prevalence of asthma was 23% and of exercise induced asthma 11%. Prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis was 10% and eczema 3%. Within the specific group of asthma, in response to leading question "Has your child had asthma" only 19% of parents gave a positive answer. Prevalence of asthma in males did not significantly differ from that in females (p=0.5). A decreasing trend of asthma was observed with increasing age in girls (p<0.05). Eighty four percent of asthmatic children were using salbutamol orally and 9% without asthma in study population were also using salbutamol.Conclusions One in 5 children aged 5-11 years in study population had asthma but parental perception about asthma was poor. More than 80% of asthmatics had some medications for the disease. _________________________________________ 1 Senior Lecturer, 2 Lecturer, 3 Temporary Demonstrator,
the heterogeneity of this group, it is hard to find data to characterise this vital part of the workforce. We hope to fill a gap by starting to understand this group and the particular challenges they face, related to adopting to the new environment in their personal, social and work life. During Covid many of these doctors have faced additional challenges of isolation, being separated for long periods from family overseas, and not having the usual opportunities to make connections outside work. Our project, 'Soft Landing' aims to understand and help address these challenges. Objectives To explore the challenges faced by an IMGs in personal, social and working lives and how they progress through their careers in UK. Methods The survey was distributed via email to Training Programme Directors, as well as via social media. It was open to all paediatric IMGs in UK. Results 108 IMGs participated in the survey. 44% of them had worked in the UK for <12 months. Almost half planned to apply for training posts.The doctor's roles: Trainees: 15%, Non-Trainees (Level 1 and 2): 65%, Locum SHO: 20%. For most (80%), induction at start of post was not IMG tailored.75% of participants had more than 5 years postgraduate experience. Despite most having many years of clinical experience, only 14% of IMGs felt confident during their first on call. Communication was a challenge for 50% of the cohort, and safeguarding was another concern with only 9% reporting feeling confident.Career-wise, 33% of participants mentioned their educational supervisor was aware of their career goals. 90% of the cohort reported opportunity to participate in audits and QIPs. However, only 30% of participants had an opportunity to present at national/international conference.Of concern, and reflecting WRES (Workforce Race Equality Standard) data on the experience of the medical BAME workforce, 60% of the cohort, mentioned that they had to take time off from work due to stress. The stress was related to 'work load', 'racism', 'non-supportive supervisors', 'difficult colleagues' and 'challenging patients'. 56% of the cohort mentioned that they were bullied and harassed in the work place. 40% of the cohort had received negative feed back at work. A large number, 46%, of the cohort had considered leaving UK. Conclusions Our survey highlights areas of challenge, data which reflects our own experiences as IMGs. This allows us to identify key areas for improvement. With a better understanding of the issues, and gaps identified we have established the Soft Landing project. We hope to work with key stakeholders to address these identified areas for improved support in order to continue to recruit and retain this valuable part of the workforce.
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