This study discusses the transformation of Turkey's education policies towards Syrian refugees in three major stages. It argues that education policies in these different stages reflect the general perception of and political vision for Syrian refugees by the Turkish state, and that they are also instruments through which this political vision is materialized and declared. The remarkable evolution of Turkey's education policies towards Syrian refugees, from early policies that aimed at temporary accommodation to later policies that have aimed at full integration, needs to be understood in this framework of a changing vision in addition to the security concerns. Lastly, the article argues that, while the current strategy of complete integration of Syrians into formal education system is certainly positive, it also brings about a number of significant challenges related to the political and legal context in Turkey that will have to be handled in its realization.

K. Onur Unutulmaz lisans eğitimini Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler ile Sosyoloji bölümlerinde tamamlamıştır. Yüksek lisans eğitimini ise Koç Üniversitesi'nde Uluslararası İlişkiler (MA) ve Oxford Üniversitesi'nde Göç Çalışmaları (MPhil) yüksek lisans programlarında tamamlayan Unutulmaz doktora derecesini de yine Oxford Üniversitesi'nde Antropoloji doktora programında tamamlamıştır.

This article aims to provide a critical review of the literature on sports studies in three major subject areas that are of great interest in today's world. These are identities, social integration, and diasporas and transnationalism. A selective analysis of these literatures provides the necessary analytical background concerning the theoretical and methodological approaches to social role of sports. Building on this background, the paper puts forth a theoretical and methodological proposal on how to frame future studies on sociology of sports which is informed by the existing literature on sports as well as French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical work. It argues that some of the analytical and theoretical tools that are central to Bourdieu's analysis, namely 'the field' and 'capital', would constitute very powerful tools as well as open up a potentially very enriching theoretical perspective.

This study aims at discussing the vulnerability of the Global Refugee Protection Regime (GRPR) during crises by applying the 'international society' concept within the English School of International Relations theory to the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyze the efficiency of the international society institutions on GRPR through the policies and practices of states as well as organizations such as the United Nations, European Union and Council of Europe. The GRPR has been selected because the 'vulnerability' of this regime has become a matter of academic and political debate as much as the vulnerability of those persons in need of international protection, specifically during times of crisis. Our analysis reveals that GRPR-centric practices and policies by the institutions of international society during the first four months after the breakout of COVID-19 suggest a greater vulnerability of the regime.

Social integration of refugees is a major challenge for any country that hosts sizable refugee communities. Recently, Turkey has joined the ranks of such countries as it was transformed to become the country with the highest number of refugees in the world through an inflow of over 3.6 million mostly young and uneducated asylum-seekers from Syria in a matter of a few years. This chapter presents a critical analysis of the Turkish adult education (AE) sector by applying the concept of active participatory citizenship in the context of the current refugee crisis with a focus on its role in helping this vulnerable community to become active members of the society. This chapter argues that AE and Lifelong Learning (LLL) programs have the potential to empower Syrian refugees in such a way to make them into active members, contributing social, economic and cultural ways in Turkish society. To make its arguments, the chapter firstly provides a brief analysis of Turkey’s reform agenda in the field of AE since 1990s. By drawing on selected statistics it highlights the shortcomings in Turkey with respect to developing sustainable and gender sensitive AE programs, especially for young adults. Secondly, it investigates the major legal and institutional developments in Turkey since the first wave of the refugees entering to Turkey after beginning of the Syrian Civil War in 2011. Lastly, it will provide an analysis of how new AE programs for refugees are designed, which are characterised by a holistic view of social inclusion and target specific groups of refugees under the pressure of multiple vulnerabilities.