Pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile (1) reacts with alkyl radicals to give mono‐ 3 and di‐alkylated pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitriles 4. Similarly 1,3‐dimethyllumazine (2) reacts with alkyl radicals to give 7‐alkyl‐1,3‐dimethyllumazines 8 as the major product. The reactivity of alkyl radicals decreases in the order tertiary, secondary, and primary, and 1 is more reactive than 2 in those radical substitution reactions.
Pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile (I) and 1,3‐dimethyllumazine (VI) react with the radicals (III), generated from the carboxylic acids (II), yielding the substitution products (IV) and (V) or (VII) ‐ (IX).
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