<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Citizen science has emerged as a game changer in various scientific endeavors, wherein scientific data for understanding the phenomenon could be collected by volunteers/non-specialist in a quick possible time. Citizens nowadays play an important role by functioning as “sensors” helping government/institutions by collecting and analyzing data. The advancements and convergence of technologies (Information and communication technologies (ICT)), especially the Internet and mobile technology has further assisted in such efforts. Moreover, the location sensors (GPS) and camera on board the mobile devices enables citizens to collect geotagged data. The classic example is the OpenStreetMap project where volunteers contribute towards the mapping of the planet. This paper highlights the geospatial solution based on citizen science to collect geotagged data about the water quality (turbidity). This solution is developed using open source tools and consists of an Android based mobile app and web based dashboard on the server side for real time data visualization and analysis. The web application is designed and developed using PHP, JavaScript, HTML & CSS and allows user to view the interpolated geotagged data about water quality over various background maps like OSM, Bhuvan etc. PostgreSQL/PostGIS are used as the backend geospatial data server for storing the geotagged dataset. Such solution will be very useful for water quality monitoring as part of national level project like Clean Ganga Mission using the citizen centric approach.</p>
Paleogeography is the merger of sediment and volcanic facies, depositional settings, tectonic plate movements, topography, climate patterns and ecosystems through time. The construction of paleogeographic maps on tectonic plate reconstruction models requires a team effort to compile databases, data sharing standards and map projection methods. Two goals of the Paleogeography Working Group of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) program for Deep‐Time Digital Earth (DDE) are: (1) to interlink online national lexicons for all sedimentary and volcanic formations, and develop online ones for nations that currently lack these; (2) to target specific regions and intervals for testing/showcasing paleogeography output from the merger of these databases. Following those goals, we developed and applied new cloud‐based lexicon data services and interactive visualization techniques to regions in East Asia. This has been a successful collaboration among computer engineers and plate modellers and has involved stratigraphers in India (ONGC), China (Chengdu Univ. Tech., and Chinese Acad. Geol. Sci.), United States (Paleomap Project, and Purdue Univ.), Australia (GPlates visualization team) and Vietnam (Vietnam Nat. Univ.). Independent online lexicons with map‐based and stratigraphy‐based user interfaces have been developed (as of the date of this submission in March 2022) for all Proterozoic to Quaternary formations on the Indian Plate (over 800) and Vietnam (over 200), the majority of the Devonian through Neogene of China (ca. 2000) and partially for Thailand. A multi‐database search system returns all geologic formations of a desired geologic time from these four independent databases. With one click, users can plot the regional extent of one or of all of those regional formations on different plate reconstruction models of that desired age, and these polygons are filled with the lithologic facies pattern.
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Recently, numerous frameworks and tools are being developed for enhancing access to data and services with a standardized view to communicate the advances in open information sharing. Another emerging field of data exploration is encountered in the coordination, examination and perception of bioresource data and are prompting corresponding new innovations. The bioresource information team aims to develop standards for nationwide data exchange by the establishment of a catalog service to locate and access biological data and information from across the country and information tool for decision makers. With the growth of open data sharing initiatives, the sharing of data among different and myriad sources has increased significantly, but major challenge lies in addressing the issues of interoperability during exchange and use since the data sources are heterogeneous and the data being organization specific is prepared with different (organization) specific data standards and platforms. This paper presents the model based on the study of different metadata standards and to develop a recommended standard for biodiversity information to support interoperability among heterogeneous databases under the umbrella of Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN) portal. The paper presents the mapping of different data standards into the IBIN standard for sharing species data in the form of distributed and interoperable web services to set the stage for interoperability.</p>
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