We report preliminary results on the analysis of the three-body Υ( 10860) → B Bπ, Υ(10860) → [B B * + c.c.]π and Υ(10860) → B * B * π decays including an observation of the Υ(10860) → Z ± b (10610)π ∓ → [B B * + c.c.] ± π ∓ and Υ(10860) → Z ± b (10650)π ∓ → [B * B * ] ± π ∓ decays as intermediate channels. We measure branching fractions of the three-body decays to be B(Υ(10860) → [B B * + c.c.] ± π ∓ ) = (28.3 ± 2.9 ± 4.6) × 10 −3 and B(Υ(10860) → [B * B * ] ± π ∓ ) = (14.1 ± 1.9 ± 2.4) × 10 −3 and set 90% C.L. upper limit B(Υ(10860) → [B B] ± π ∓ ) < 4.0 × 10 −3 . We also report results on the amplitude analysis of the three-body Υ(10860) → Υ(nS)π + π − , n = 1, 2, 3 decays and the analysis of the internal structure of the three-body Υ(10860) → h b (mP )π + π − , m = 1, 2 decays. The results are based on a 121.4 fb −1 data sample collected with the Belle detector at a center-of-mass energy near the Υ(10860).
The effects of free radicals and hypotaurine on the development of bovine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization of in vitro-matured oocytes were examined. Embryos that developed to the 4- to 6-cell stage after in vitro fertilization were cultured without feeder cells in TCM199 medium supplemented with 1% calf serum (CS) under either 5% CO2 in air or 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. The percentages of blastocysts (including early, expanding, and hatched stages) that developed under 5% O2 was higher (P < .01) than the percentage of those that developed under 20% O2. The respective percentages in 5% vs 20% O2 concentration were as follows: blastocysts (d 8), 49% vs 17%; expanded blastocysts (d 8), 19% vs 6%; hatched blastocysts (d 10), 16% vs 0%. The development of embryos to blastocysts was suppressed (P < .05) when oxygen radicals were generated in culture medium by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) under both 5% and 20% O2. The addition of hypotaurine permitted the development of embryos to blastocyst stage in medium with AAPH only under 5% O2 (P < .05), but superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not permit the development of embryos to blastocysts. Alternatively, when embryos were cultured in medium without AAPH, the rates of development into blastocysts under 20% O2 increased (P < .05) by the addition of hypotaurine and SOD. However, under 5% O2, the rates of blastocyst formation were not improved by addition of hypotaurine and SOD. Moreover, the cell numbers of blastocysts cultured in medium containing hypotaurine were greater (P < .01) than those of blastocysts cultured in medium without hypotaurine. It is concluded that hypotaurine may exert beneficial effects on in vitro development of bovine embryos under both 20% O2 and 5% O2 of gaseous conditions.
Two new components of botrytised wine were identified: 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2(5//)furanone (Sotolon) and ethyl 9-hydroxynonanoate. Sotolon, the key substance of cane sugar aroma, was identified as the sugary flavor substance of botrytised wine by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after column chromatographic separation on DEAE-Sephadex and silica gel. Ethyl 9-hydroxynonanoate was identified by chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectrometry. To evaluate the role of 17 volatile and 5 nonvolatile compounds characteristic of botrytised wine, these compounds were added to a normal wine. This produced a sweet, honey-like flavor similar to that of botrytised wine. The importance of Sotolon and the role of each group of flavor substances in producting this flavor was clarified by omission tests.
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