The right hepatic artery is an end artery and contributes sole arterial supply to right lobe of the liver. Misinterpretation of normal anatomy and anatomical variations of the right hepatic artery contribute to the major intraoperative mishaps and complications in hepatobiliary surgery. The frequency of inadvertent or iatrogenic hepatobiliary vascular injury rises with the event of an aberrant anatomy. This descriptive study was carried out to document the normal anatomy and different variations of right hepatic artery to contribute to existing knowledge of right hepatic artery to improve surgical safety. This study conducted on 60 cadavers revealed aberrant replaced right hepatic artery in 18.3% and aberrant accessory right hepatic artery in 3.4%. Considering the course, the right hepatic artery ran outside Calot's triangle in 5% of cases and caterpillar hump right hepatic artery was seen in 13.3% of cases. The right hepatic artery (normal and aberrant) crossed anteriorly to the common hepatic duct in 8.3% and posteriorly to it in 71.6%. It has posterior relations with the common bile duct in 16.7% while in 3.4% it did not cross the common hepatic duct or common bile duct. The knowledge of such anomalies is important since their awareness will decrease morbidity and help to keep away from a number of surgical complications.

The cystic artery is the key structure sought to be clipped or ligated during laparoscopic or conventional cholecystectomy. The possible complications like hemorrhage or hepatobiliary injury are always centered on the search, dissection, and clipping or ligation of the cystic artery, many a time because of possibility of variations in its course and relations to the biliary ducts. This descriptive study was carried out to document the normal anatomy and different variations of the cystic artery to contribute to improve surgical safety. This study conducted on 82 cadavers revealed cystic artery with mean length of 16.9 mm (ranged between 2 mm and 55 mm) and mean diameter of 1.6 mm (range between 1 mm and 5 mm). The origin of cystic artery from celiac right hepatic artery was found in 79.3% and in the remaining 20.7% it was replaced. Single cystic artery was present in 72% and double cystic artery in 28%. Considering the site of origin of the cystic artery with reference to Calot's triangle, it was observed within the triangle in 62.2% and outside it in 37.8%. All the cystic arteries passed through Calot's triangle except for 3.6%. The cystic artery crossed the common hepatic duct anteriorly in 26.8% and posteriorly in 6.1%. It crossed common bile duct anteriorly in 1.2% and posteriorly in 3.7%. The knowledge of such variations and its awareness will decrease morbidity and help to keep away from a number of surgical complications during cholecystectomy.

Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are most appropriate means of acquiring, archiving, and communicating all forms of radiology imaging. The present study is to decide applicability of PACS, its exact role in patient care, and benefit as a teaching tool. To compare conventional imaging with picture archiving and communication system from user's point of view, impact of PACS on patient care and teaching. This was a single center, observational study over a period of 4 weeks from 15 January 2010 to 15 February 2010 carried out in Pravara Rural Hospital. For the present study, 100 users from various clinical disciplines were included who routinely use PACS. A pretested questionnaire related to various aspects of PACS was devised considering its advantage to clinicians, role in patient care, and as tool for teaching. Out of 100 users, 85 % users reported PACS easy to very easy for handle. Ninety-four percent users reported PACS as useful tool for the hospital. Fifty-one percent of users found image quality at image review workstation to be good to very good against 49 % found it poor to very poor. There have been several studies to demonstrate the benefits of PACS to users, but many of these have concentrated on radiology trainees, users in a particular department. Present study concentrates on the impact that PACS has made to the working of the clinicians in many different disciplines. The perceived benefits of PACS outnumbered the disadvantages and reflected the widely documented benefits of PACS in the literature.

Lipomas are benign tumors composed of mature fat, usually encapsulated. Vast majority of lipomas are small, weighing only a few grams, and grow slowly. Lipoma occur rarely in breast causing diagnostic dilemma. Chondroid lipoma is a rare variant of lipoma which is benign in nature. We present a case of 65 year old female patient presented with lump in right breast, underwent surgical excision and histopathology reported as chondroid lipoma.

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