A variant is an alternative nucleotide located at a specific region of a gene. 48 genes encode for human red cell blood group systems. Variants within these genes encode for alleles, which can be highly polymorphic. The blood group gene loci jointly display all types of inherited variants to include single nucleotide variants insertions/deletions and structural variants. In Africa, there is limited information on the red cell variants. The aim of the study was to establish the frequency Duffy red blood cell variants among the donors in Kenya. The study employed next sequencing method, descriptive statistics and results presented in form of a table. The findings show that Duffy system has three variants to include; homozygous for FY*Null GATA regulatory box variant FY*02N.01/FY*02N.01 or Fy(a-b-) found in 93.52% (101/108), while FY*01/FY*02 and FY c.-67T>C predicted Fy(a+b-) or Fy(a-b+) at 3.70% (4/108) while FY*02/FY*02N.01 predicted Fy(a-b+) at 2.78% (3/108). This study recommends an extended research involving large sample size and introduction of extended phenotyping in the identification of FY antigens population.
A variant is an alternative nucleotide located at a specific region of a gene. 48 genes encode for human red cell blood group systems. Variants within these genes encode for alleles, which can be highly polymorphic. The blood group gene loci jointly display all types of inherited variants to include single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels), and structural variants. In Africa, there is limited information on the red cell variants. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Kell red blood cell variants among the Kenyans. Blood donor's samples that were used for routine grouping process were identified for this study. Next generation sequencing method was employed to predict the Kell red cell variants in blood donor samples. Descriptive statistics was applied and the result was presented in form of tables. The study reveals that Kell system has six variants with two major phenotypes and genotpes. The most common phenotype genotyped was KEL2 (KEL*02/KEL*02) 79% (85/108) followed by KEL2 KEL6 KEL7 (KEL*02.06/KEL*02) 16.7% (18/108). The rest were found to be of low frequency and all were associated with KEL2. The study recommends an extended study with a large sample size and introduction of extended phenotyping to aid Kell antigens identification in the donor population.
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