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Cite this article: Prajapati DD, Patel NM, Savadi RV, Akki KS, Mruthunjaya K. Alleviation of alloxan-induced diabetes and its complications in rats by Actinodaphne hookeri leaf extract. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2008; 3: 102-06.

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Leaves of Actinodaphne hookeri (AH) Meissn (family, lauraceae, pisa) are used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes, disorders of the urinary tract which are more common in Chhattisgarh and eastern part of India. It contains flavonoids and quercetin-3-rhamnoside as an important constituent. The leaves were extracted with 70% hydro alcoholic solvent. Preliminary phytochemical investigation showed the presence of triterpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and carbohydrates. The antioxidant activity of 70% hydro alcoholic extracts of AH was evaluated in vitro by various experimental parameters such as β-carotene-linoleic acid, lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity. Our results showed that Actinodaphne hookeri leaves displayed potent antioxidant properties, supporting the ethnomedical use given to this plant to treat diabetes and urinary disorder.

The aim of the study was to determine anti ulcer activity of stem bark of Careya arbore Roxb. on the Wister strain albino rats. Dried stem bark of Careya arbore Roxb. was powdered and this coarse powder was extracted with 70% ethanol by soxhlet extraction method to yield a Ethanol extract of stem bark of Careya aborea Roxb. (EECA). The extract was subjected for preliminary phytochemical analysis and was evaluated for anti ulcer activity against various models such as Ethanol induced, cold restraint stress induced and Pylorus ligation induced models. In acute toxicity study, EECA was found to be safe till 3000mg/kg. So the doses of EECA at various concentration of 300 and 600mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention of ulcer from Pylorus ligation, Ethanol and cold restraint stress - induced ulcers. Analytical parameters like Percentage of Ulcer protection was calculated based on Ulcer index and Gastric juice volume, pH and acidity of gastric juice. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of EECA showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, tannins and saponins. The EECA has shown significant activity at both 300mg/kg and 600mg/kg dose level in a dose dependent manner. Phytoconstituents like tannins and saponins may be responsible for anti ulcer activity of EECA.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i3.13633 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, February 2013, 2(3): 78-82

Ginger (rhizome of Zingiber officinale) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, is widely used and is most popular as a culinary spice and in Traditional medicines to add flavor for more than thousands of years. It is also used in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and in cosmetics. Ginger contains a fusion of an aroma oils both volatile (zingiberene) and non-volatile (oleoresin) oils and phenolic compounds (gingerol and shogaol, zingerone and paradol). In ginger rhizomes, also contains starch, saccharides, proteins, colouring matter and trace minerals that plays a huge role as a spice ingredient. In ginger, starch comprises of 40 - 60 % w/w, protein is 6.2 - 19.8 %, wax or lipid is 5.7 - 14.5 % and crude fiber is 1.1 - 7.0 % and oleoresin approximately 4 - 7.5 %. Ginger is available in fresh, dried, pickled, preserved, crystallized, candied and powdered or ground form. It is unstable due to acidic environment or as a result of the increase in temperature; presence of light, air, heat and long term storage but it can be enhanced by Nano emulsion formulation. Ginger has shown various pharmacological effects such antioxidant, anti – inflammatory, gastro protective, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic etc.