The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) as a cholesterol loader to change oocyte plasma membrane and increase its tolerance toward cryopreservation. The first and second experiments were conducted to investigate if MβCD could improve nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation after oocyte exposure to cold stress for 10 or 30 min, respectively. No differences (P>0.05) in either experiment in the metaphase II (MII) rate of oocytes exposed to MβCD and cold stress; but these oocytes presented lower maturation rates than control groups. In the second experiment, a lower percentage of oocytes showed degenerated chromatin (P<0.05) after exposure to 2mg/mL of MβCD compared to the group exposed to 0mg/mL. However, no differences among treatments were observed in cytoplasmic maturation. Groups exposed to cold stress demonstrated a lower (P<0.05) capacity for embryonic development compared to the control groups. In the third experiment immature oocytes were exposed to MβCD and then, vitrified (cryotop). After warming, we observed that the ability to reach MII and chromatin degeneration were altered (P<0.05) by MβCD. The blastocysts rate (P<0.05) on D7 was higher in the 2 mg/mL MβCD group, but an identical finding was not observed on D8 (P>0.05). Chromatin degeneration was higher in the vitrification groups. We conclude that MβCD improved nuclear maturation by reducing oocyte degeneration after cold stress or vitrification; however, more studies are required to clarify the usefulness of MβCD use in oocyte cryopreservation.
Resumo 1 : No Brasil, o tema da diversidade e da inclusão na educação básica começou a ser debatido de forma mais ampla a partir da década de 1990 e, na Educação Superior (ES), apenas na década seguinte. Historicamente, as instituições de ES se dedicaram a formar a elite socioeconômica e cultural do país, mas, desde a década de 2000, por meio da implementação das Políticas de Ação Afirmativa (PAA), esta realidade foi alterada. Elaborado com pesquisa bibliográfica, este texto se dedica a analisar como a literatura da área aborda o processo de inclusão de Pessoas com Deficiência (PCD) na ES, bem como as principais barreiras de sua trajetória acadêmica. Ao final, conclui que apesar de avanços, se revela o caráter provisório e ainda insipiente das políticas públicas para o setor, no que refere à garantia de acesso, permanência, aprendizado e sucesso acadêmico.Palavras-chave: Inclusão na Educação Superior. Políticas de Ação Afirmativa. Barreiras à inclusão. Pessoas com Deficiência na Educação Superior.Educação Especial e Inclusão: estratégias e práticas diferenciadas à educação superior e à educação profissional e tecnológica em igualdade de oportunidades e condições com as demais pessoas".
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.