The optimal operation of rail vehicle minimizing total energy consumption is discussed in this paper. In recent years, the energy storage devices have enough energy and power density to use in trains as on‐board energy storage. The on‐board storage can assist the acceleration/deceleration of the train and may decrease energy consumption. Many works on the application of the energy storage devices to trains were reported, however, they did not deal enough with the optimality of the control of the devices. The authors pointed out that the charging/discharging command and vehicle speed profile should be optimized together based on the optimality analysis. The authors have developed the mathematical model based on a general optimization technique, sequential quadratic programming. The proposed method can determine the optimal acceleration/deceleration and current commands at every sampling point under fixed conditions of transfer time and distance. Using the proposed method, simulations were implemented in some cases. The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) is assumed as an energy storage device in our study, because of its high power density etc. The trend of optimal solutions such as values of control inputs and energy consumption is finally discussed. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The optimal train operation which minimizes sum of supplied energy from substations is presented in this paper. In recent years, the energy storage devices have enough energy and power density to use in trains as on-board energy storage. The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) is assumed as an energy storage device in our study, because of its high power density. The on-board storage can assist the acceleration/deceleration of the train and may decrease energy consumption. Many works on the application of the energy storage devices to trains were reported, however, they did not deal enough with the optimality of the control of the devices. On the other hand, our previous works were to optimize acceleration/deceleration commands of the train for minimizing energy consumption without the energy storage device. Therefore, we intend to optimize acceleration/deceleration commands together with current commands through energy storage devices as our next research target. The proposed method can determine the optimal acceleration/deceleration and current commands at every sampling point. For this purpose, the optimal control problem of the train operation is formulated mathematically. It is generally difficult to solve the problem because the problem is composed of a large-scale non-linear system. However, the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) can be applied to solve the problem. Two results with and without on-board energy storage device are compared. These optimized results indicate that the total energy consumption is reduced by at least 0.35% by using the EDLC. The relation between internal resistance and energy consumption is also revealed.
The optimal operation of rail vehicle with on-board energy storage device minimizing total energy consumption is discussed in this paper. Until now, not enough research deals with the optimal control of the devices. The authors have developed the mathematical model based on a general optimization technique. In our study, the electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) is assumed as an energy storage device, because of its high power density etc. The proposed method can determine the optimal acceleration/deceleration and current commands at every sampling point under fixed conditions of transfer time and distance. The authors have also modified it for applying to catenary free operation. Using the proposed methods, simulations were implemented in some cases. The trend of optimal solutions such as values of control inputs and energy consumption is finally discussed.
The optimal train operation which minimizes sum of supplied energy from substations is presented in this paper. In recent years, the energy storage devices have enough energy and power density to use in trains as on-board energy storage. The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) is assumed as an energy storage device in our study, because of its high power density. The on-board storage can assist the acceleration/deceleration of the train and may decrease energy consumption. Many works on the application of the energy storage devices to trains were reported, however, they did not deal enough with the optimality of the control of the devices. On the other hand, our previous works were to optimize acceleration/deceleration commands of the train for minimizing energy consumption without the energy storage device. Therefore, we intend to optimize acceleration/deceleration commands together with current commands through energy storage devices as our next research target. The proposed method can determine the optimal acceleration/deceleration and current commands at every sampling point. For this purpose, the optimal control problem of the train operation is formulated mathematically. It is generally difficult to solve the problem because the problem is composed of a large-scale non-linear system. However, the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) can be applied to solve the problem. Two results with and without on-board energy storage device are compared. These optimized results indicate that the total energy consumption is reduced by at least 0.35% by using the EDLC. The relation between internal resistance and energy consumption is also revealed.
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