This research work was conducted to detect the prevalence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) Virus-specific antibody in chickens from Gazipur district in Bangladesh at Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur and Poultry Care Lab, Garzipur from January to June 2012. A total number of 232 sera sample of commercial layer chicken were collected from 17 different commercial layer farms at different ages. The layers prognosed for sampling had not been previously vaccinated against ILTV. The indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) was performed to estimate the Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) Virus-specific antibody. Out of 232 samples, 189 (81.47%) samples were found to positive for Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) Virus-specific antibody. In 17 different commercial farms prevalence based on age were 75%, 87.5%, 87.5%, 90%, 81.25%, 80%, 100%, 70%, 81.25%, 81.25%, 90%, 93.08%, 87.5%, 75%, 75%, 68.75% and 75% in the age limit 08, 09, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 17, 19, 21, 25, 31, 35, 44 and 51 weeks respectively and farms showed high level of ILT virus specific antibodies (IgG). This result showed that in 15 weeks of age prevalence was highest position i.e; 100%. The result of this study indicate that there were a high prevalence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) Virus circulating at Gazipur district in Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2018, 4(1): 1-6
Human sapovirus, which causes acute gastroenteritis, is not well studied and poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the contribution of sapovirus in diarrhea, their clinical association, and genotypic diversity. Fecal specimens (n = 871) were randomly selected from diarrheal patients who attended International Centre for
In February each year, World Health Organization (WHO) recommends candidate vaccine viruses for the forthcoming northern hemisphere (NH) season; however, the influenza season in the temperate zone of NH begins in October. During egg- or cell culture-propagation, the vaccine viruses become too old to confer the highest match with the latest strains, impacting vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, an alternative strategy like mRNA-based vaccine using the most recent strains should be considered. We analyzed influenza A subtype H3N2 strains circulating in NH during the last 10 years (2009–2020). Phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple clades of influenza strains circulating every season, which had substantial mismatches with WHO-recommended vaccine strains. The clustering pattern suggests that influenza A subtype H3N2 strains are not fixed to the specific geographical region but circulate globally in the same season. By analyzing 39 seasons from eight NH countries with the highest vaccine coverage, we also provide evidence that the influenza A, subtype H3N2 strains from South and Southeast Asia, including Bangladesh, had the highest genetic proximity to the NH strains. Furthermore, insilico analysis showed minimal effect on the Bangladeshi HA protein structure, indicating the stability of Bangladeshi strains. Therefore, we propose that Bangladeshi influenza strains represent genetic makeup that may better fit and serve as the most suitable candidate vaccine viruses for the forthcoming NH season.
This epidemiological study was conducted to find out the incidence of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in goat and sheep at Upazilla Veterinary Hospital, Rangpur sadar, Rangpur during the period of January to April, 2014. In this period, 236 clinically infected goat and sheep were examined in which 22 (9.32%) PPR cases were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical signs and gross pathological lesions. High fever (104-107 o C), mucopurulent oculo-nasal discharge, rapid and labored breathing, mouth lesion and diarrhea were the common clinical sign of PPR infected goat and sheep. The postmortem examination findings were dark red areas and congestion in different lobes of lungs, enlargement of spleen and lymph nodes, erosion of abomasums and characteristics zebra striping in the mucosa of colon. This present study reveals that about 7-12 months aged group of goats were more prone (40.91%) to PPR compare to adult (above 1 year) and Black Bengal goat was more susceptible (72.32%) than Jamunapari (27.78%) goat where the occurrence of PPR disease was more in goat (81.82%) than sheep (18.18%).
The present study was conducted on unvaccinated native ducks of different age groups to determine specific antibody titer level against Avian Influenza virus (AIV) by indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA) and to detect avian influenza type A virus antigen by rapid AIV antigen test kit at Netrokona district of Bangladesh. This study showed that AIV specific antibody positive cases were 78 out of 90 blood serum samples and the highest antibody titer was 2323 and lowest antibody titer was 256. The total 86.67% sera samples were showed positive result. The study showed that 66.66% sera sample were positive against AIV at 3-4 month of aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 1428, 256 and 906.3 respectively. On the other hand 78% sera sample were positive against AIV at 5-6 month aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 1675 , 451 and 1083.6 respectively. The sera sample collected from 7-8 month aged group showed 88.9% positive and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 1857, 578 and 1285.5 respectively. The sera sample collected from 9-10 month of aged group showed 100% positive against AIV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 197l, 638 and 1571.5 respectively .The sera sample collected from duck of ≥11 month aged group were 100% positive against AIV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 2323, 1423 and 1813.7 respectively. Tracheal and cloacal swabs from ducks with antibody titer more than 1813.778 were tested for the avian influenza type A antigen by Anigen Rapid AIV Ag test kit. The above sample showed 20% positive result. In conclusion it is evident that Avian influenza virus-specific antibody was successfully detected through commercially available Avian influenza virus antibody test kit (ELISA Kit) and the virus induced a significant antibody titer indicating the affecting virus was absolutely AIV.
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