Aim: Behavioural changes of an organism are used as an indicator to assess the impact of neurotoxic compounds. Jumping performance of newly emerged froglets exposed to malathion at their tadpole stage was studied. Methodology: Tadpole groups were exposed to 1226, 2453 and 6133 µg l-1 malathion in laboratory mesocosms. When they emerged as froglet, their jumping performance was studied. Results: As malathion is an AChE inhibitor and produces negative effect on survival of tadpoles, we anticipated increased malathion exposure could result in reduction of jumping distance in metamorphs. However, as compared to control, the jumping distance increased with malathion concentrations and showed significant increase in the individuals treated with the highest concentration of malathion (LC25; F3,21 = 11.41, p = 0.0001). Interpretation: Malathion is toxic to tadpoles; however, it could result in concentration dependent jumping performance within the tested concentrations. Several other factors like tadpole density, temperature of the media, pesticide tolerance may act as determining factor, which requires further investigations.
A new crystal form of 10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin, form SL, was discovered which is thermodynamically stable, shows long term stability and is applicable for using in final dosage forms. Form SL was characterized by several analytical methods such as thermal analysis by DSC, IR, X-ray powder diffraction, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), Digital optical microscopy and solubility/dissolution measurements. Active pharmaceutical ingredients should be stable during technological processes for the preparation of a final dosage form and must also remain stable during storage. The morphology of long needle and plate shaped crystals was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. Form SL was compared to other forms of 10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin such as form A, B, C and to the amorphous form. The thermodynamic stability of form SL is supported by its long-term stability. Form SL is a pharmaceutically applicable crystal form.
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