In some cities in Russia industrial and scientific-research organizations are conducting work with sources of ionizing radiation [1]. Radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants in the European part of the country me shipped by railroad to nuclear plants in Tomsk and Krasnoyarsk for reprocessing and storage. Radioactive sources and materials, which are not monitored by the city ecological monitoring services, are shipped by truck. A system of radiation monitoring apparatus that makes it possible to measure the level of radiation without stopping the shipment is required in order to discover the shipment and to provide an escort for dangerous shipments. Radiation monitoring apparatus is constructed on the basis of point detectors or detectors with a very small volume. In the case of the motion of a radioactive source with a low power level, a point detector does not detect radiation reliably enough and linear detectors with a large volume are required.In the present paper we describe an experiment in using the correlation method for detecting a low radioactive background due to shipped materials or objects. A program-technical system, based on point detectors and a microprocessor recorder, has been developed to work out a method for determining the intensity of a moving radiation source under real conditions along a highway. The software for the system is based on the method of correlations of signals from point detectors of ionizing radiation.Correlation Method. The apparatus at the station observing moving sources of 3,-radiation must discover the appearance of sources in a controlled zone, estimate their intensity, signal the operator on duty of the appearance of a source, and transmit, if queried or automatically, to an ecological monitoring center information about the detection of the source, its direction of motion, and the time of detection.The measurement process consists of storing in the memory of the apparatus the indications of the detectors during the motion of a moving radioactive object on the line along which the detectors are located. The detectors are equally spaced along a main highway at some distance from the road. The location of the station is chosen so as to reduce to a minimum the level of radiation in the environment. The distance between the sensors and the type and number of sensors are determined by the expected location of the radioactive object, its spectral clmracteristics, and the speed of the truck.The resolution of the system is determined by the ratio of the natural background level and the level of the induced signal from the source. The processing of the measurements by the correlation method is based on an algorithm that searches for the condition under which the correlation between signals from the radiation sources located along the road is maximum. The program can be implemented in ten variants. In the f'trst variant information along the channels is combined automatically by selecting a delay time between the signals. The delay time between adjacent sensors, selected ta...
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