Background: It is reported that high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity emerge during childhood and adolescence, often clustered together and lead to the occurrence of Cardio Vascular Diseases in later life. Objectives:The present descriptive, cross sectional study was performed to describe the lipid profile, fasting sugar levels and related factors among adolescents in an urban setting in Sri Lanka.Methods: Biochemical assessment of serum lipid and glucose levels was carried out among 440 randomly selected students between 14 to15 years, studying in 30 public schools in the Kandy Municipal Council area. Behavioural and biological risk factors were assessed using selfadministered questionnaires and biochemical assessment and anthropometry were done using standard techniques Results:The mean Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) was 83.43mg/dl and it was significantly higher among the male adolescents (p<0.001). The mean total cholesterol was 184.33mg/dl. The mean total cholesterol (p=0.002), triglycerides (P=0.362) and LDL (P=0.044) were higher among female adolescents. The mean FBS, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL values were higher among overweight students than other students in both sexes (P = 0.039). Insufficiently active students had higher mean total cholesterol and LDL levels and lower HDL levels than active students. Conclusions:The prevalence of high FBS levels was very low but the prevalence of dyslipidaemia was relatively high among adolescents. Overweight status and insufficient physical activity levels are associated with higher cholesterol levels. _____________________________________________________________________________
Background: Epidemiology of cardiac diseases among paediatric population remain largely undocumented in Sri Lanka. The objective of this study was to identify the pattern of heart diseases among patients referred to the Paediatric cardiology clinic at Teaching Hospital Kandy and Sirimavo Bandaranaike Specialized Childrens' Hospital (SBSCH) Peradeniya. Methods: Demographic, clinical details and echocardiography details of patients referred for cardiac assessment between 1 st 2010 to 30 th November, 2012 were descriptively analysed. Results: Ten thousand, six hundred and seventy-eight (10678) newly referred patients were evaluated over the study period. Of the study cohort 6582 patients had some form of heart disease. Among them, 5363 (50.2%) had congenital heart diseases (CHDs). The most frequent acyanotic heart disease was Atrial Septal Defect (ASD-3024 patients). Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) ranked second in frequency (697 patients). The commonest cyanotic CHD was Tetralogy of Fallot (79 patients). There were 1200 patients with acquired heart diseases. The most frequent preventable acquired heart disease was Rheumatic valvular heart disease (80 patients). Conclusions: The commonest CHD among the study cohort was ASD while Tetralogy of Fallot was the commonest cyanotic heart disease. Early identification is important to ensure appropriate interventions and prevent complications.
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