Abstract. We present the ®rst triangulation measurements of electric ®elds with the electron drift instrument (EDI) on Equator-S. We show results from ®ve highdata-rate passes of the satellite through the nearmidnight equatorial region, at geocentric distances of approximately 5±6 R E , during geomagnetically quiet conditions. In a co-rotating frame of reference, the measured electric ®elds have magnitudes of a few tenths of mV/m, with the E Â B drift generally directed sunward but with large variations. Temporal variations of the electric ®eld on time scales of several seconds to minutes are large compared to the average magnitude. Comparisons of the``DC'' baseline of the EDI-measured electric ®elds with the mapped Weimer ionospheric model and the Rowland and Wygant CRRES measurements yield reasonable agreement.
Abstract. We present the ®rst electron time-of-¯ight measurements obtained with the Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) on Equator-S. These measurements are made possible by amplitude-modulation and coding of the emitted electron beams and correlation with the signal from the returning electrons. The purpose of the time-of-¯ight measurements is twofold. First, they provide the drift velocity, and thus the electric ®eld, when the distance the electrons drift in a gyro period becomes suciently large. Second, they provide the gyro time of the electrons emitted by the instrument, and thus the magnitude of the ambient magnetic ®eld, allowing inight calibration of the¯ux-gate magnetometer with high precision. Results of both applications are discussed.
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