We report the complete GNO solar neutrino results for the measuring periods GNO III, GNO II, and GNO I. The result for GNO III (last 15 solar runs) is View the MathML source[54.3−9.3+9.9(stat)±2.3(syst)]SNU(1σ)(1σ) or View the MathML source[54.3−9.6+10.2(incl. syst)] SNU (1σ ) with errors combined. The GNO experiment is now terminated after altogether 58 solar exposure runs that were performed between 20 May 1998 and 9 April 2003. The combined result for GNO (I + II + III) is View the MathML source[62.9−5.3+5.5(stat)±2.5(syst)] SNU (1σ ) or View the MathML source[62.9−5.9+6.0] SNU (1σ ) with errors combined in quadrature. Overall, gallium based solar observations at LNGS (first in GALLEX, later in GNO) lasted from 14 May 1991 through 9 April 2003. The joint result from 123 runs in GNO and GALLEX is [69.3±5.5(incl. syst)] SNU[69.3±5.5(incl. syst)] SNU (1σ). The distribution of the individual run results is consistent with the hypothesis of a neutrino flux that is constant in time. Implications from the data in particle- and astrophysics are reiterated

In this work, devoted to 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (BumimPF(6)), the importance of the purity of the solvent for spectroscopic investigations is highlighted. Results from small angle X-ray scattering indicate that the pure solvent exhibits a local organization. Europium(II), which appears to be unusually stable in BumimPF(6), is characterized by spectroscopic techniques (absorption, luminescence). Solvation of Eu(II) in BumimPF(6) and complexation effects in the presence of the crown ether 15C5 solubilized in the ionic liquid are discussed.

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The dissociation energies of singly charged silver cluster cations, Agn+ (2⩽n⩽25), are determined by multiple-collision induced dissociation (MCID) in a Penning trap. The fragment yield is analyzed in terms of a linearized impulsive collision theory for the energy transfer in the multicollisional process and the delayed decay as predicted by the Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel (RRK) model. Previous photofragmentation experiments performed in the size range (9⩽n⩽21) are found to be in good agreement with the present results. Theoretical predictions agree for most clusters sizes.

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