Background Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well- being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity as per the World Health Organization (WHO). Well-being is a subject aspect in one of the WHO “Health 2020: the European policy for health and well-being,” goals. Listening to music activates the neuronal cells in the frontotemporal lobe of the brain where memory, aggression, and emotions are regulated. Various types of musical exposures may help in dysregulating emotions and stress levels from mental and physical health. Advancing well-being is one of the public health issues to achieve a better quality of life and health and longevity. This study aims to identify an association between well-being and diverse musical experiences to explains public policy developments for advancing well-being. Methods This retrospective longitudinal study includes individuals age 24 and above from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2008 to 2016). The outcome is subjective health. The predictor is a diverse musical experience (concert, opera, theater). Covariates are gender, age, marital status, objective health, and mental health. Bivariate, univariate, multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out in SAS software version 9.4, p-value (p) <0.05. Results This study shows that well-being is significantly associated (p < 0.0001) with musical experience at the yearly interval (OR: 2.34, 95% CI: 2.06, 2.79) and musical experience at the monthly interval (OR: 3.44, 95% CI: 2.85, 4.15). With adjustment for covariates, well-being is significantly associated (p < 0.0001) with musical experience, yearly interval (OR: 2.22, 95 % CI: 1.89, 2.60), and musical experience at the monthly interval (OR: 2.13, 95 % CI: 2.58, 3.80). Conclusions This study explains that well-being is associated with the diverse nature of musical experiences. Developing policy in the area of various types of musical programs in the community would achieve advancing well-being. Key messages Increase awareness of the importance of well-being and the impact of different musical experiences on wellbeing. Prioritize in developing public policy for well-bing with an option of various music programs in the community and conduct more research in the field of well-being with musical experiences.
Background Healthy Ageing is the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age as per the World Health Organization (WHO). Establishing foundations necessary for improvements in long-term care (LTC) systems for increasing the world's older adults is one of the public health priorities. LTC provides assisted daily living (ADLs), instrumental assisted daily living (IDALs), healthcare, and social services. This study aims to assess the association of LTC utilization and functional ability in the two industrialized countries with a globalized aging perspective. This study would guide to identify the approaches for establishing fundamentals, developing and sustaining a trained workforce to achieve high-quality, healthy aging. Methods This retrospective longitudinal population-based study, individuals age 65 and above from the national data of the United Kingdom, UK, (English Longitudinal Study of Aging) and the United States, U.S, (Health and Retirement Study). The outcome is LTC: nursing home and home care. Predictors: functional status: scores of ADLs and IADLs, and declining ADLs and IADLs. Covariates are age, gender, marital status, income, chronic diseases. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out in SAS software version 9.4, p-vale (p) <0.05. Results LTC utilization (UK) is associated with declining IADLs (OR: 15.01, 95%CI: 1.62,139.23), p- 0.02 with adjustments for covariates. LTC utilization (U.S) is associated with declining ADLs (OR: 2.66, 95%CI:1.82,3.87) and IADLs (OR: 2.42, 95%CI:1.73,3.40), both at p-<0.001. With adjustment for covariates, LTC utilization (U.S) is associated with declining ADLs (OR: 2.20,95%CI:1.51,3.22), p-0.001 and declining IADLs (OR: 2.12, 95%CI:1.49,3.02), p-<0.001. Conclusions Declining functional ability is associated with LTC utilization. This study guide to improve LTC systems to develop personalized social and healthcare foundations, increase the trained workforce. Key messages To demonstrate the long-term care (LTC) utilization by declining functional capacity in the UK and the US older adults to a better understanding of the distribution of LTC utilization between them. To guide developing approaches in the improving long-term care system to achieve high-quality, healthy aging through evidence findings of this national study.
Given the rapidly aging population, optimal end-of-life (EOL) consistent with individual wishes is a public health priority. Advanced Care Planning (ACP) involves Advanced Directives (AD) and establishing a Power of Attorney (POA). AD describe EOL Care preferences including options to limit treatment, withhold treatment, provide comfort care, and prolong treatments. Nativity can provide meaningful guidance in decision-making at the end of life. Data from this study came from the Health and Retirement Study, nationally representative longitudinal study of U.S. residents. The sample included 4,015 older adults, 65 and above years of age who died during study follow-up. Nativity was categorized as U.S born and Foreign born. ACP variables included presence of AD and POA, and EOLC preferences included provide comfort care, limit, withhold, or prolong treatment. Covariates included age, gender, race, marital status, education, and subjective health at baseline. Cox Proportional Hazards (Cox PH) and Weibull Models were used to identify associations between nativity and end of life care. Results: Compared to U.S born, Foreign born participants were less likely to have POA (HR: 0.75; 95% CI:0.64-0.89) in Cox PH and POA (HR: 0.63; 95 % CI:0.53-0.75) Weibull models in unadjusted models, limited treatment (HR: 1.58; 95 % CI: 1.2, 2.1), and prolong treatment (HR: 0.23; 95 % CI:0.06-0.99) and Cox PH and (HR: 0.20; 95 % CI: 0.05-0.83) in Weibull modes. Conclusion: There are differences in Advanced Care Planning by nativity. Country of origin should be considered when helping individuals plan for end-of-life care.
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