Introduction: Needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) are hazardous and are frequently reported injuries among health care workers (HCW). These injuries expose them to infectious disease pathogens such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV that can be lethal. The physicians, nurses, medical students and other healthcare workers are highly susceptible to needle stick injuries. Standard precautions are available for all the workers and students' safety purposes. Every incident is compulsory to be reported but some are under-reported. This represents a missed opportunity for initiating post exposrure prophylaxis, early detection of seroconversion and implementation of prevention strategies.Objectives: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department is one of the department estimated as high risk of sharp injuries. The objective of the study is to identify the prevalence of needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) and the rate of under-reporting to occupational health services. It also aims to explore the reasons for under-reporting and the knowledge, awareness and perception of risk of needle stick injuries in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of two teaching hospitals in Malaysia.
Background: COVID – 19 is a pandemic that originated from Wuhan, China in the end of 2019. The objective of the present study is to report the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 patients of tertiary care hospital of Western Rajasthan, India.Methods: A total of 1632 cases of COVID-19 were investigated. The patients tested positive by RT-PCR assay were included in the study. The data was obtained from medical record forms of the patients.Results: Out of total patients, 63.42% patients were male and 81.06% of patients were below age of 50 years. The mean of age was 34.93 ±17.61 years and median of age was 32 years. Asymptomatic patients or patients with mild symptoms constituted 66.66% of the study population and 35% of patients had comorbidities. The major comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (2.81%), hypertension (1.59%) and pulmonary diseases (1.04%). Total 40 deaths occurred so the overall CFR was 2.45%. Among the 40 deaths, the mean of age was 57.57±15.67 years. Patients over 50 years of age had the highest CFR among the age groups (18.93%). The CFR for males was 2.34% and for females 2.68%. A total of 14 (35.00%) of patients had multiple comorbidities.Conclusions: The findings of our study emphasize the significant impact of old age and multiple comorbidities on the risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients. It is suggested to take adequate preventative measures more seriously in elderly patients. Also regarding medical care, it is vital to pay special attention to elderly patients with comorbidities.
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