expected in developing countries as a result of population rise, increasing affluence and shifts in dietary preference. However, developed countries currently consume significantly higher proportion of meat per capita (OECD, 2021). Although growth in meat consumption is slowing in developed countries, with some suggesting a shift in preferences related to income (Vranken et al. 2014;Gallet 2010). The uneven distribution and consumption of animal source foods is problematic. Nearly 800 million people do not have access to animal source foods, leading to micronutrient deficiencies (Adesogan et al. 2020). Meanwhile, overconsumption of red and processed meat in developed countries has resulted in increased rates of obesity and non-communicable diseases (Wellesley et al. 2015). Food insecurity in developing countries is also being threatened by land use change with increased demand for animal feed (Makkar 2018).Furthermore, intensification of livestock systems can accelerate disease transmission between animals due to increased population size and proximity, which often leads to increased antimicrobial use to tackle disease and promote Kirsty Joanna Blair
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