'Костромской областной противотуберкулезный диспансер, г. Кострома, Россия 2ГБОУ ВПО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет», г. Ярославль, Россия 3ГБУЗ ЯО «Клиническая онкологическая больница», г. Ярославль, Россия Склерозирующая пневмоцитома является редкой опухолью. Чаще всего она встречается у женщин в возрасте от 30 до 50 лет. Наиболее часто склерозирующая пневмоцитома представлена одиночным расположенным на периферии легкого образованием. Тем не менее иногда наблю дается диффузное поражение обоих легких, когда опухоль определяется в виде плотных очагов в легочной ткани. Представлено клиническое наблюдение диффузной склерозирующей пневмоцитомы у пациентки 57 лет. Для диагностики заболевания выполнена краевая резекция легкого. Для точной идентификации клеток использован комплекс иммуногистохимических окрасок с моноклональными антителами.
A new model for vascularized and nonvascularized iliac bone autograft transfer to a femoral shaft osteotomy site is presented in this experimental study. As demonstrated on roentgenograms taken at 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, callus formation between vascularized grafts and recipient sites was 1.5 to 2 times faster than in the nonvascularized graft transfer. According to densitometric analysis, conventional free grafts lost more hydroxyapatite and restored their mineral structure at a slower rate than vascularized grafts. There was no difference between free vascularized and pedicled grafts in the rate of mineral deposition changes, but the pedicle grafts had more significant loss of bone density. Formation and mineralization of periosteal callus between the femoral-shaft fragments took place more rapidly in the first 12 weeks after pedicled bone transplantation. The correlation between the densitometric results and morphologic behavior of transplanted bones was examined. It was demonstrated that all of the grafts at the recipient site underwent remodeling into cortical bone. However, vascularized, and especially pedicled, grafts maintained their cancellous structure relatively longer.
The autotransplantation of tissue complexes with thoroughfare circulatory sources by means of the microsurgical anastomosis of their vessels and the suturing of nerves is recognized as a major achievement in contemporary plastic surgery [2, 3, 7, ii]. Integumental defects are usually avoided by free cutaneous-fascial autotransplants. The changes in the transplanted tissues and the character of their blood supply and reinnervation are studied primarily using clinical methods [4, 9, i0]. There is published information concerning structural changes only in free nonvascular cutaneous grafts, and data are virtually absent on the morphological reorganization of free vascularized transplants [i, 5, 6, 8].The goal of the present work is to determine the patterns of structural changes, the characteristics of the angioarchitecture and reinnervation of a cutaneous-fascial autotransplant after its transplantation on vascular and nervous connections using microsurgical technology. MATERIAL AND METHODFifty six adult mongrel dogs weighing about 21 kg under intravenous hexenal anesthesia (0.03 g/kg) were used to perform 86 microsurgical operations of replantation (70) and orthopedic transplantation onto the contralateral limb (16) of cutaneous-fascial autotransplants from the medial surface of the stifle region of 34-48 cm 2 area on the vascular-nervous bundle from the a., v. et. n. saphenus. The artery and vein with an external diameter averaging 0.9 and 1.2 mm respectively were connected with atraumatic needles with thread of 25 Hm crosssection using a Carl Zeiss M-310 dissecting microscope (German Democratic Republic). The saphenous nerve was sutured at the epineuron with four simple sutures. The animals were observed for one day to one year (one day, five dogs; two days, three; three days, five; four days, two; one week, five; two weeks, six; one month, i0; three months, eight; six months and one year, six each), after which they were again anesthetized and killed by an intravenous injection of listenon (0.02 g/kg). Sixty three transplants survived to the completion of the experiments. When the animals were removed from the experiment, in 25 observations radiocontrast angiography of the graft was performed after the injection into its artery of 5-10 ml of 60% Verografin. The surgical zone was demarcated by placing an outline of copper wire along the line of the cutaneous sutures. In ii cases radiography was performed after the infusion of the transplant vessels with a finely dispersed suspension of white lead. Forty transplants were removed along with sections of the surrounding tissues and fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Pieces for histological investigation were excised from the middle of the transplant as well as from the cutaneous-suture zone and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 5-7 ~m thickness were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, azur-eosin, and Weigert's fuchsilin, and the McManus reaction was performed. In order to study the restoration of the nervous connections of the graft, pieces taken in 19 observations from the...
The relevance of studies of CNS damage due to ethanol is beyond doubt [4]. Forensic medical practice currently uses a gas-liquid chromatography method for the evaluation of ethanol poisoning (EP) by assaying ethanol concentrations, usually in two biological fl uids: blood and urine. However, the approved method used in practice assesses EP only in terms of the blood ethanol concentration (BEC). Assessment of the extent of EP based only on BEC, without assessment of urinary ethanol concentrations (UEC) and internal organ ethanol concentrations may not be reliable [1].A number of investigators [5,6] have identifi ed parts of the brain most sensitive to alcoholemia and have noted changes to both the gray matter and the white matter, apparent as decreases in the numbers of neurons, alterations in their shapes, increases in the numbers of oligodendrocytes, and changes in neuron-glial ratios. A link was found between histological changes in the human brain with BEC and UEC, with the possibility of assessing these values [2], along with an overall measure of concentrations with a precision of up to 2‰, allowing EP to be assessed even when blood and urine levels are not measured [3]. However, this value has a 1.5 times longer scale than the usual BEC, which may disorient investigators. Furthermore, it is a product and yields a value of 0 if one factor is 0, even if the other is signifi cant, leading to loss of information. These disadvantages are not present in an indicator consisting of the mean square of the BEC and UEC values (MSEC). It remains for morphological practice to determine the selection of any analytical solution.The aim of the present work was to study the link between morphological changes in the brain and MSEC, to improve the evaluation of EP and fi nd new predictors of EP. Materials and MethodsWe used specimens from 40 corpses (10 women and 30 men) aged 20-81 (mean 49 ± 1) years 12-48 h after death, obtained from the Rybinsk Interregional Depart ment, Regression analysis of the connections between changes in histological brain structures (neurons, neuroglia, and microvessels) and the extent of poisoning with ethanol (blood and urine ethanol concentrations) was performed. Specimens were obtained from 40 male and female corpses aged 20-81 years. Decreases in microvessel diameter in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum and increases in microvessel diameter in the white matter, along with increases in the numbers of vessels with stasis, in the numbers of astrocytes with cytoplasmic granularity, and in various signs of cerebral edema, as well as decreases in the numbers of astrocyte processes and the ability of erythrocytes in the stasis zone to stain with glycine cresol stain, were found to correlate with the mean square ethanol concentration (MSEC) in blood and urine. This allows this parameter to be assessed in histological studies of the brain. Conversely, knowledge of MSEC allows the presence of certain histological changes in the brain to be evaluated.
Статья посвящена реконструкции биографии малоизвестного коптского подвижника Булуса аль-Хабиса († 1267/8). Найдя в пещере клад фатимидского халифа аль-Хакима, Булус употребил эти деньги на помощь бедным и выкуп христиан, подвергавшихся преследованиям в правление мамлюкского султана Бейбарса. В течение двух или трех лет он был окружен всенародным поклонением, но затем слава Булуса стала раздражать мусульманских духовных авторитетов. Бейбарс потребовал от монаха открыть источник его богатств, но Булус отказался, был посажен в тюрьму и умер под пытками. В статье делается попытка реконструировать биографию и понять мотивацию Булуса аль-Хабиса. 1 Автор благодарит доц. Т. К. Кораева и доц. В. В. Орлова за помощь в интерпретации источников, использованных в настоящей статье. 2 Labib S. Ein koptischer Märtyrer des 13. Jhdts.: al-Ḥab s Būluṣ ar-Rāhib al-Qibṭ // Actes des premier congrès international d'études arabes chrétiennes.
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