Background:One of the unpleasant side effects of general anesthesia is shivering in the process of recovery. It is an involuntary oscillatory mechanical movement that can be classified as clonic movements. These movements can affect one or several groups of skeletal muscles beginning from 5 to 30 minutes after the discontinuation of anesthesia.Objectives:We aimed to study ketamine’s effect on shivering after operation compared to pethidine as a way for treatment of postoperative shivering.Patients and Methods:In this study, 60 patients who underwent ENT surgery with general anesthesia and had shivering during recovery were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each receiving ketamine (0.2 mg/kg IV) and pethidine (0.5 mg/kg).Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the shivering intensity in both groups. Only regarding the shivering in the first minute after entering the recovery room, there was an obvious difference between ketamine and pethidine groups which was again not statistically significant (P = 0.07).Conclusions:The results of this study showed that ketamine and pethidine are both equally effective in the reduction of postoperative shivering.
Background: Pain relief after surgery is an essential component of postoperative care. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen and intravenous meperidine in pain relief after outpatient urological surgery. Patients and Methods: In a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, 100 outpatients of urological surgery were studied in two groups of acetaminophen (A) and meperidine (M). Patients in group A received 1g of acetaminophen in 100 mL saline within 15 minutes and patients in group M received a single intravenous injection of meperidine 0.5 mg/kg, 15 minutes prior to the end of operation. Postoperative pain was recorded using visual analog scale (VAS). Vital signs, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and respiratory depressions were compared between the two groups. Results: Pain severity in patients treated with intravenous acetaminophen six hours after the operation within one-hour interval was significantly lower than meperidine group (P < 0.0001). Ninety patients in the meperidine group and five patients in the acetaminophen group required additional doses of analgesics. Nausea was significantly lower in acetaminophen group than meperidine group. Conclusions: Intravenous acetaminophen reduced pain following outpatient urological surgery more significantly than meperidine.
Background: Sore throat is one of the major complications of tracheal intubation after general anesthesia. Pregabalin is an analgesic, the anti neuropathic pain and analgesic effects of which have been demonstrated in various studies. This study examined the effects of single dose pregabalin one hour before tracheal intubation, to prevent sore throat after extubation.
Methods: In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 60 patients who had undergone general and urologic surgeries at Imam Reza hospital in Tabriz, Iran, since March to July 2015 that required tracheal intubation, were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (group A, 30 patients and group B, 30 patients). In the group A, an hour before anesthesia, one pregabalin tablet (300mg) was given to the patients. For the patients of the group B, the placebo was given. After awareness of patients, the severity of sore throat was measured and recorded by VAS scale after 2, 6 and 24 hours of the surgery.
Results: Severity and incidence of sore throat after tracheal intubation were not significantly different between two groups. Meanwhile, no side effects of pregabalin were observed in the group A.
Conclusion: Administration of pregabalin as a single dose of 300 mg one hour prior to anesthesia and intubation decreased the incidence and severity of sore throat in the case group than the control group, although the amount of this reduction was not statistically significant between the two groups.
Background: Shivering after anesthesia is a common complication that can lead to problems such as increased intraocular and cranial pressure and postoperative pain with increasing oxygen consumption in the body. Considering the importance of controlling postoperative shivering and limiting the use of shiver drug therapy, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of warming intravenous fluids on postoperative shivering in ENT surgery.Methods: This study was a single-blind clinical trial on 70 patients undergoing ENT surgery. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, receiving warmed fluid and fluid intake group with room temperature. The vital signs of the patients were recorded after intubation until recovery at specified intervals. Also, the incidence and severity of chills in patients were investigated and noted.Results: The severity of chills in the experimental and control groups was statistically significant. The use of warm serum significantly reduced shivering in the experimental group (p = 0.006).
Conclusion:The infusions of warm fluids help to reduce postoperative shivering. Due to the lack of hemodynamic complications, it is possible to use warm fluids before induction of anesthesia as a safe method.
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