One hundred and sixty-eight wool samples were collected from commercial flocks of Karadi sheep raised in the five provinces of northern Iraq. The wool characteristics dealt with were staple and fibre length, crimps, fibre diameter, medullation, fibre strength and elongation.The results showed that the Karadi wool is a long type of carpet fleece with average staple and fibre lengths of 19-3 and 23-5 cm, respectively. It had an average fibre diameter of 48-1 /i and contained 19-45% medullated fibres. The number of crimps per 2 cm was 2-4. Average fibre strength and elongation were 24-8 g/5 cm and 31-8 % respectively. Phenotypic correlations between wool traits were studied. INTRODUCTIONThe Karadi (Kurdi) breed of sheep belongs to the fat-tailed and carpet wool type, and represents about 18-20% of the sheep population in Iraq (Dogaily, 1971). It is raised in the northern region of the country. The purpose of the present work was to study staple and fibre length, crimps, fineness, medullation, fibre strength and elongation of Karadi wool. Such information is needed in planning schemes for improving the wool characteristics of Karadi sheep.

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The birthcoat of coarse wool Barki lambs was investigated at the age of 1-1-5 months. Lambs were covered when they were 2 months old to study kemp succession, and some other adult fleece traits, at the age of 16 months in relation to the birthcoat fibre type arrays. Samples were taken from three dorsal and three lateral positions. The average halo hair grade was 5-45% and the coarse fibre type array, plateau, contributed 64-7 % of the birthcoat arrays, the rest were of the less coarse, saddle, type. Halo hair grade and fibre type arrays showed an antero-posterior gradient, increasing in score and coarseness posteriorly.All halo hairs, 41-9 % of super sickles and 22-6 % of hairy tip curly tip fibres were shed as first generation kemp (GJ. Curly tip and histerotrich fibres shed the least and they contributed the majority of the total persistent fibres. When pre-curly tip fibres increased in the birthcoat samples, that was followed by more kemp in the adult fleece.The average G 1 % kemp was 4-43. Kemp decreased in subsequent generations, values were 34-50 and 8-37 for G 2 IG X % and GJG X %, respectively. G x % and G 2 /G ! i% kemp showed a general trend of an increase towards posterior positions; the shoulder position was an exception to that.Coarse birthcoat fibre type arrays, plateau, were followed by more kemp in G r % and in successive generations than were the less coarse, saddle, arrays. High values of

The effect of some insulinotrophic drugs on the transport of sugar was investigated in fasted, narcotized rats by continuous perfusion of cannulated long intestinal loops with galactose solution (18 mM.) circulated by air lift. Three consecutive perfusions (fifty minutes each) were performed in each rat, the drug being given in the second perfusion only. The rate of galactose disappearance was expressed as per cent of that in the first perfusion in the same rat.Tolbutamide (50 mg./l kg. weight), glycodiazine (50 mg./l kg. weight), glisoxepid (BAY 4231, 2 mg./l kg. weight) and glibenclamide (0.25 mg./l kg. weight) were found to increase the rate of galactose disappearance in the second perfusion by 21 per cent, 5 per cent, 12 per cent and 25 per cent, respectively, and in the third perfusion by 21 per cent, 26 per cent, 32 per cent and 21 per cent, respectively, as compared to the rate in the corresponding perfusion of a control group. This increase was significant (P values < 0.05) with all drugs in the second and third perfusions with the exception of glisoxepid in the second perfusion. These results are discussed in relation to the action of insulin and the effect of diabetes on intestinal absorption of sugars. DIABETES 23: 112-16, February, 1974. In a previous work, 1 we showed that metformin, an oral hypoglycemic agent of the biguanide group, markedly inhibited the transport of glucose by everted sacs of guinea pig intestine. In a later report, Kruger et al. , 2 using the same technic in rats, demonstrated a similar effect with phenformin.It seemed of interest to investigate the effect of the other group of oral hypoglycemics on the transport of sugar by the intestine. To the best of our knowledge, there were no reports in the literature concerning this point. The drugs selected for the present study were: tolbutamide (Rastinon), glycodiazine (Lycanol), glisoxepid (BAY 4231) and glibenclamide (Daonil).The present paper describes the effect of these insulinotrophic drugs on the transport of sugar by long intestinal loops continuously perfused in situ.

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SUMMARYGroups of Awassi lambs, aged 7–13 months at start of the trial, were fed for 100 days on four different rations. A ‘control’ ration contained ground barley: the others contained different proportions of dried sugar-beet pulp, and no barley.Male lambs were initially heavier, and gave better weight gains than the females. Groups on beet pulp grew better than the ‘control’. The most economical weight gains were obtained in the group in which beet pulp constituted 40 % of the ‘concentrate’ portion of the diet.