The patient should be assessed for anaesthesia in the standard manner. Non-consent, inability to comply with the anaesthetist's instructions as, for example, a result of deafness or mental incapacity, inability to lie¯at, allergy to local anaesthetics, lack of i.v. access, or excessive uncontrollable anxiety are absolute contraindications to Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia. The procedure should be explained to the patient to allay anxiety and assist the anaesthetist in carrying out the block.

The authors discuss a descriptive educational needs assessment survey based on Benner's Skill Acquisition Model to determine staff nurses' perception of quantity and relevance of educational programs offered to nurses. The evaluations of the feedback received, such as lack of knowledge of available educational offerings and the need to expand the current curriculum, are presented. The main assumption that course offerings have changed or validated practice was supported. Changes based on the information obtained by the survey participants involve expansion of the curriculum using a case study approach.

No abstract