Subtotal cholecystectomy is an important tool for use in difficult gallbladders and achieves morbidity rates comparable to those reported for total cholecystectomy in simple cases. The various technical differences appear to influence outcomes only for the laparoscopic approach.

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Participation in scientific research is often considered a valuable part of professional psychology training. The Association of Psychology Postdoctoral and Internship Centers (APPIC) internship applicant (Match) survey is 1 of the most comprehensive sources for understanding national trends and changes in late-stage psychology trainee's publication productivity, and the current study explores publicly available applicant-reported publication productivity at the time of internship application. Trends by year, degree type, question wording, and final match outcome are also explored. Results indicate that just under half of internship applicants have at least 1 peer reviewed publication by time of application, with only 10% having 5 or more and fewer than 1% having 15 or more. Comparative match rates indicate having publications may put applicants at an advantage for matching and that PhD trainees are far more likely to have publications at the time of internship application. The data also indicate that asking about "publications" without specifying refereed or peer-reviewed journals may inflate reported publication rates. Limitations of these data and further implications for psychology trainees and researchers are also discussed.

Abdominoperineal and Hartmann's resections are, in our series, high-risk operations that frequently do not produce the minimum number of lymph nodes necessary. These operations may require additional maneuvers such as mobilization of the splenic flexure to achieve the minimum length of bowel to resect.

Background: Olecranon fractures represent 10% of upper extremity fractures. There is a growing body of literature to support the use of plate fixation for displaced olecranon fractures. The purpose of this survey was to gauge Canadian surgeons' practices and preferences for internal fixation methods for displaced olecranon fractures. Methods:Using an online survey tool, we administered a cross-sectional survey to examine current practice for fixation of displaced olecranon fractures. Results:We received 256 completed surveys for a response rate of 31% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.5-37.5%). The preferred treatment was tension band wiring (78.5%, 95% CI 73-83%) for simple displaced olecranon fractures (Mayo IIA) and plating (81%, 95% CI 75.5-85%) for displaced comminuted olecranon fractures (Mayo IIB). Fracture morphology with a mean impact of 3.31 (95% CI 3.17-3.45) and comminution with a mean impact of 3.34 (95% CI 3.21-3.46) were the 2 factors influencing surgeons' choice of fixation method the most. The major deterrent to using tension band wiring for displaced comminuted fractures (Mayo IIB) was increased stability obtained with other methods described by 75% (95% CI 69-80%) of respondents. The major deterrent for using plating constructs for simple displaced fractures (Mayo IIA) was better outcomes with other methods. Hardware prominence was the most commonly perceived complication using either method of fixation: 77% (95% CI 71.4-81.7%) and 76.2% (95% CI 70.6-81.0%) for tension band wiring and plating, respectively. Conclusion:Divergence exists with current literature and surgeon preference for fixation of displaced olecranon fractures.