Background: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is becoming standard of care in newborns with

The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic yield of continuous video-electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring in critically ill neonates in the setting of a novel, university-based Neonatal Neurocritical Care Service. Patient demographic characteristics, indication for seizure monitoring, and presence of electrographic seizures were obtained by chart review. Among 595 patients cared for by the Neonatal Neurocritical Care Service, 400 (67%) received cEEG. The median duration of cEEG monitoring was 49 (IQR: 22 to 87) hours. Electrographic seizures were captured in 105/400 (26% of monitored patients) and of those, 25/105 (24%) had no clinical correlate. In addition, 52/400 subjects (13%) were monitored due to paroxysmal events concerning for seizures, but never had electrographic seizures. cEEG monitoring helped confirm or rule out ongoing seizures in more than one third of the cases. This finding helps to support the use of cEEG in critically ill neonates.