Floodplain deposits are abundant in low-gradient dryland river systems, but their contribution to connected reservoir volumes has not yet been fully acknowledged due to their poor detectability with typical wireline log suites and relatively-lower reservoir quality. This study presents an analysis of stacked crevasse splays in the distal part of the Miocene Huesca fluvial fan (Ebro Basin, Spain). Vertical stacking of crevasse splays implies local aggradation of the active channel belt. Lateral amalgamation of crevasse splays created an elevated rim around their feeder channel, raising its bankfull height. Subsequent crevasse splays were deposited on top of their predecessors, creating sand-on-sand contact through incision and further raising the active channel belt. This process of channel-belt super-elevation repeated until an upstream avulsion occurred. Amalgamated crevasse splays constitute connected reservoir volumes up to ~10 7 m 3. Despite their lower reservoir quality, they effectively connect channel deposits in low net-to-gross fluvial stratigraphy, and hence, their contribution to producible volumes should be considered. Unswept intervals of amalgamated crevasse splays may constitute a secondary source of natural gas. Their interval thickness can serve *Revised manuscript with no changes marked Click here to view linked References as a proxy for feeder-channel dimensions, which can in turn be used to estimate the degree of stratigraphic connectivity.
Fluvial depositional architecture in an unconfined environment is governed by sediment dispersal across the alluvial plain through river‐path switching by avulsion. Documented inter‐avulsion periodicity from modern rivers ranges from tens to over a thousand years. In this study, a quantitative spatio‐temporal reconstruction of avulsion history is presented of the non‐vegetated and pristine modern Río Colorado dryland river system in the semi‐arid Altiplano Basin (Bolivia), based on the integrated analysis of satellite imagery and absolute age dating using optically stimulated luminescence, complemented with sedimentological and geomorphological ground‐truth data. This approach enables us to reconstruct the chronological order of channel belts of the Río Colorado, to determine avulsion recurrence time and inter‐avulsion periodicity, to identify mechanisms for flow path changes, and to present a morphodynamic model for the spatio‐temporal evolution of fluvial deposits in a semi‐arid environment. In a maximum timespan of 12.71 ± 1.5 ka, successive avulsions of the Río Colorado created a sheet of interconnected fluvial deposits, consisting of diverging and juxtaposed alluvial ridges that formed by sediment aggradation in point bars, crevasse splays, levees, and on the channel floor. The ridges show lateral onlap and amalgamation as the result of repeated avulsion and compensational stacking, whereby the river avoided the positive alluvial‐ridge relief of its precursors. The resultant morphology is fan‐shaped, convex‐up with a surface area of approximately 500 km2 and a maximum observed thickness of 3 m. The results show inter‐avulsion periods of the river of up to 1.28 ± 0.34 ka. A paucity in fluvial activity around 2 ka BP, and at present, is interpreted as the result of low river discharge related to long‐term dry periodicity in the El Niño Southern Oscillation circulation system. Each river path started as a low sinuous, single‐thread channel in a narrow belt, and in time increased its width and sinuosity by point‐bar expansion and rotation.
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The cover image, by Koen A. van Toorenenburg et al., is based on the Research Article The life cycle of crevasse splays as a key mechanism in the aggradation of alluvial ridges and river avulsion, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4404.
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