The useful nutritional value of plum is related to the most quantity of vitamins like Vitamin A - beta carotene, Thiamin (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid (B5), Vitamin B6, Folate (B9), Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K; and minerals: Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ph, K, Na and other. Plum is available in the receipts of various confectioneries: sweets, caramels, creams, jellies, cookies and others. The objective of the presented study was to develop a new of natural origin with antioxidants capacity - plum filling for the confectionery. Sensory assessment of the researched samples was provided by “JustAbout-Right-Test” questionnaire for the following main characteristics: taste, colour, odour, texture or consistence and acceptance of the product. Organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics were analyzed in accordance with the GOST 32741-2014 (Interstate standard) requirements. The content of mineral substances was determined by the method of Mass-spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) and using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As a result of the «Just-About-Right-Test» most of the respondents selected a plum filling sample with gelatin and lemon. This statement was confirmed by organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics. The mass-spectrometry database verified availability of essential macro- and microelements: sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium, calcium, iron and other. The proposed plum filling has wide range applications, as inside and outside for the covering of confectionery, thereby organoleptic properties and nutritional value of final product could be enriched.
Physalis contains all essential and non-essential amino acids, in the largest number of essential Lvaline and L-isoleucine, and as the interchangeable amino acids L-tyrosine. It also consists in polyphenols, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenes (vitamin A), thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3) and macro- and microelements. High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) is a sweetener substituting for sucrose that contains 42–55% fructose with the remainder as glucose and is commonly used in many food and beverage products. It was discovered that the partial or full replacement of sugar by HFCS-55 has not significant influences for the organoleptic and physicochemical properties of the confitures on the base of Physalis. By increasing a ratio of HFCS volume instead of sugar, the mass fraction of soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ash content decrease in the acceptable values. The comparative analysis of the macro- and microelements contents of the confiture samples showed the presence of essential minerals, such as sodium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and others. The HFCS-55 can be substituted of sugar in the production of confiture on the base of Physalis with equal food chemical quality characteristics and nutritional values.
This article presents studies to determine the acute toxicity and cumulative activity of polyphenolic powders derived from pomegranate peel and grape seed. When administered intragastrically to mice in doses from 500 to 2000 mg/kg, no acute toxicity was detected, no animal death was observed, and no deviations from the norm in other external parameters were observed. The study of acute toxicity of the preparations of polyphenolic powders from (PPPP) and polyphenolic powders derived from grape seed (PPGS) showed that they belong to the V class of chemical compounds (practically non-toxic) according to the OEC classification, the LD50 on mice was -˃2000 mg/kg. The preparations belong to the group with average and weak cumulative properties. These polyphenolic powders with high biological activity were obtained from food waste in Turkestan region, such as pomegranate peel and grape seeds. In recent years, there has been an active search for plant sources for bioactive compounds, and among the widely consumed fruits, which are considered an excellent source of polyphenols, and in relation to the use of industrial waste, pomegranate and grape fruits, are the leaders. The appropriateness of their use for human consumption was confirmed by the low level of risks in terms of the absence of toxicity and pronounced cumulative actions in these preparations.
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