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Internet of Things (IoT) is ubiquitous, including objects or devices communicating through heterogenous wireless networks. One of the major challenges in mobile IoT is an efficient vertical handover decision (VHD) technique between heterogenous networks for seamless connectivity with constrained resources. The conventional VHD approach is mainly based on received signal strength (RSS). The approach is inefficient for vertical handover, since it always selects the target network with the strongest signal without taking into consideration of factors such as quality of service (QoS), cost, delay, etc. In this paper, we present a hybrid approach by integrating the multi-criteria based VHD (MCVHD) technique and an algorithm based on fuzzy logic for efficient VHD among Wi-Fi, Radio and Satellite networks. The MCVHD provides a lightweight solution that aims to achieving seamless connectivity for mobile IoT Edge Gateway over a set of heterogeneous networks. The proposed solution is evaluated in real time using a testbed containing real IoT devices. Further, the testbed is integrated with lightweight and efficient software techniques, e.g., microservices, containers, broker, and Edge/Cloud techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is suitable for an IoT environment and it outperforms the conventional RSS Quality based VHD by minimizing handover failures, unnecessary handovers, handover time and cost of service.

Internet of Things (IoT) refers to interconnection of billions of things which include objects, services and living beings. The realization of IoT systems will fundamentally change how we interact with the world; a key technology in that direction is middleware.Middleware is an intermediary software system between IoT devices and application services. The objective of this thesis is to propose a lightweight middleware solution which can be deployed both on the Cloud (remote data centers) for intense analytics and on the Edge Network (nearby IoT Gateways) for local analytics to support near real time applications, and which supports interoperability between heterogenous devices and applications by providing multiple protocol bindings as plug and play services. A survey on existing middleware solutions is conducted with a thorough analysis of the challenges and the enabling technologies in developing an IoT middleware. The experiments are conducted on a SDN managed IoT network testbed and the results show that the proposed middleware solution is suitable for both Cloud (resourceful) and Edge network devices (IoT Gateway, which is designed on a resource constrained single board computer) and provides interoperability between IoT devices and applications.iii