Phytoene synthase (PSY) as the key rate-limiting enzyme in carotenoid metabolism can be regulated by various regulators and factors. We found that DsPSY1 played a dominant role in carotenogenesis in the β-carotene-accumulating
Dunaliella salina
, and two amino acid residues critical in the substrate binding were associated with the functional variance between DsPSY1 and DsPSY2.
As one of the sources of biodiesel, microalgae are expected
to
solve petroleum shortage. In this study, different concentrations
of piperonyl butoxide were added to the culture medium to investigate
their effects on the growth, pigment content, lipid accumulation,
and content of carotenoids in Dunaliella tertiolecta. The results showed that piperonyl butoxide addition significantly
decreased the biomass, chlorophyll content, and total carotenoid content
but hugely increased the lipid accumulation. With the treatment of
150 ppm piperonyl butoxide combined with 8000 Lux light intensity,
the final lipid accumulation and single-cell lipid content were further
increased by 21.79 and 76.42% compared to those of the control, respectively.
The lipid accumulation in D. tertiolecta is probably related to the increased expression of DtMFPα in D. tertiolecta under the action
of piperonyl butoxide. The phylogenetic trees of D.
tertiolecta and other oil-rich plants were constructed
by multiple sequence alignment of DtMFPα, demonstrating
their evolutionary relationship, and the tertiary structure of DtMFPα was predicted. In conclusion, piperonyl butoxide
has a significant effect on lipid accumulation in D.
tertiolecta, which provides valuable insights into
chemical inducers to enhance biodiesel production in microalgae to
solve the problem of diesel shortage.
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