There is a need for small-scale (gram) tests that accurately predicts large-scale (kilogram) detonation performance of energetic materials. Many attempts have been made to create such tests, but they are either too narrow in scope [1][2][3] or fail to demonstrate correlation with largescale behavior [4][5][6][7][8][9]. When creating regulations relative to safety and transportation, accurate small-scale tests are crucial to organizations such as the Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. Herein is reported small-scale (15 g) detonation tests which can be reasonably correlated to large-scale results. The protocol utilizes a 1 = 2 " diameter rate stick, booster to overdrive the sample, seeding with RDX, and evaluation of the run distance to failure using optical techniques. By these means we hope to develop reliable safety information prior to scaleup of production.
Among oxidizers those containing the ammonium cation have the potential of self-oxidization, making them of special hazard. Herein we examine ammonium nitrite and ammonium chlorate, two ionic compounds with well-known hazard potential, and compare their explosive performance with related materials. A novel protocol for assessment of explosivity on the gram scale is employed.
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