Introduction. The molecular classification of breast cancer (BC) based on gene expression and then protein profile has made it possible to distinguish different molecular subtypes. The objective of this study was to describe immunohistochemical features of BC infiltrating women at the Nganda Hospital Center in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods. A retrospective study from 2014 to 2019 involved 190 patients with invasive BC who were enrolled at the Nganda Hospital Center. The tumors were analyzed histologically and classified after an immunohistochemical study into subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressed, and triple-negative. A chi-square test was performed to assess the relationship between age, histological grade, and these subtypes. Results. The luminal A subtype (44.74%) was the most common, followed by luminal B (40.53%), triple-negative (10.53%), and HER2-overexpressed (4.20%). The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 48.27 years. Of all cases, 94.21% were ductal, 2.63% were mucinous, and 2.11% were lobular. They were classified as grade I in 68.82% of the cases, grade II in 28.42% of the cases, and grade III in 3.16% of the cases. There was a significant association between histological grade and breast cancer subtypes (
p
<
0.0001
), but no correlation was found with age (
p
=
0.467
). Conclusion. In our BC patients, the luminal A was predominant, while HER2-overexpressed was the least found. A strong association was noted between histological grade and molecular subtypes. These results should allow for important clinical and policy implications for BC control in the DRC.
Aim: The aim of this work is to evaluate the spermicidal, antimicrobial activity of Oncoba welwitchii Oliv. This will justify its use on reproductive health especially in the occurrence of infertility and the imbalance of vaginal flora. Carried out at the Department of Biology of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Kinshasa, between January and May 2019, this study was initiated to determine the effect of the use of O. welwitchii Oliv. on human spermatozoa and vaginal microorganisms.
Methodology: The leaves of O. welwitchii Oliv. were collected and identified at University of Kinshasa. The spermicidal effect was performed by the Sander-Cramer method and antibacterial activity were evaluated by liquid dilution method.
Results: The results revealed that the juice of the leaves of O. welwitchii Oliv. have a spermicidal effect, as this juice reduce the initial mobility of the spermatozoids after 60 minutes of the exposure from 72±12% to 1±2% and their initial viability from 74±11% to 10±18%. This juice has shown bacteriostatic effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (MBC/MIC > 4) and bactericidal effects against Lactobacilus acidophilus (MBC/MIC ≤ 4).
Conclusion: This study gives additional information on the phytochemistry composition and a spermicidal effects of O. welwitchii Oliv. The spermicidal effects of this plant could be associated to its acidity.
It should be noted that to the best of our knowledge, no study on the phytochemistry of O. welwitchii Oliv. is available in the literature.
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